Physiology 1 chapter 1 Flashcards
What has a strict and consistent homeostatic set point in the body?
calcium Levels, sodium levels, pH levels
What can NOT easily cross a capillary membrane and equilibrate between plasma and interstitial fluid?
Protein
What organ system(s) help with regulation and communication?
endocrine and nervous systems
What organ system(s) help with protection?
Integumentary and immune systems
What organ system helps with propagation?
reproductive system
What are the physiological responses of the sympathetic NS?
increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and increased sweat production
What are the physiological responses of the parasympathetic NS?
constriction of pupils, accommodation of the lens (eye), increased GI secretions, and peristalsis
What are the physiological responses of the somatic/voluntary system?
contraction of skeletal muscles
What are examples of positive feedback control systems?
-oxytocin release during parturition
-blood clotting
What are the function(s)/description(s) of the autonomic nervous system?
Contraction of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
What are the function(s)/description(s) of the somatic motor system?
contraction of skeletal muscles
What are the function(s)/description(s) of the somatic sensory system?
Tactile and position senses from skin, joints, and muscles
What are the function(s)/description(s) of the special sensory system?
seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling
What are the function(s)/description(s) of integration and cognition?
brain, brainstem, and spinal cord interneurons
What is an example of a negative feedback control system?
vasodilation during hyperthermia
Muscle tissue functional/structural description
Contracts
Nervous tissue functional/structural description
conducts electrical impulses
Connective tissue functional/structural description
large amounts of intracellular matrix
Epithelial tissue functional/structural description
covers body surfaces and lines internal organs
What does not have a strict and consistent homeostatic set point?
respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature
What fluid compartment contains the lowest concentration of protein?
interstitial fluid
What is an example of muscle tissue?
cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle
What is an example of nervous tissue?
neurons, astrocytes, and satellite cells
What is an example of connective tissue?
bone, cartilage, and blood
What is an example of epithelial tissue?
epidermis, lining of GI and respiratory tracts and glands
What can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane?
oxygen, cortisol, and alcohol
What does NOT easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
Potassium
What structures make up the central nervous system?
brain, brainstem, and spinal cord
What structures make up the peripheral nervous system?
spinal nerves and cranial nerves
