Physiology Movement: major anatomical structures/pathways

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

Brain and Spinal cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Cranial nerves and Spinal nerves

Question 3

Sensorimotor integration

Answer 3

within nervous system, movement = sensory + motor pathways

Question 4

Sensory (Input)

Answer 4

information from environment/body periphery –> CNS

Question 5

Motor (output)

Answer 5

CNS –> organ system control/behavior

Question 6

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 6

Frontal Lobe, Temporal Lobe, Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe: different regions = different behaviors

Question 7

Spinal Cord

Answer 7

each segment: sensory input from corresponding body parts (dorsal side, back)/sends motor info, (ventral side, front)

Question 8

Sensory modalities

Answer 8

vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch + VESTIBULAR (balance)

Question 9

Mechanoreceptor

Answer 9

receptor in sensory system: touch/hearing/balance/proprioception/joint position

Question 10

Proprioception

Answer 10

knowing where own body is in relation to self, body awareness

Question 11

Chemoreceptor

Answer 11

itch, pain, taste, smell

Question 12

Thermoreceptor

Answer 12

body/environment

Question 13

Photoreceptor

Answer 13

vision

Question 14

Somatosensory system

Answer 14

responds to changes to surface/internal state of body: mchanoreceptors

Question 15

Sensory receptors

Answer 15

activation –> initiates signaling along sensory neurons path –> info to CNS

Question 16

Somatosensory HOMUNCULUS

Answer 16

map of human body on brain: larger amounts of cortex devoted to body areas with higher sensitivity

Question 17

Sensorimotor

Answer 17

multiple echanisms involved in coordinating : sensory info+movements

Question 18

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 18

PLAN: receives sensory info –> makes decision about movement

Question 19

Premotor Cortex

Answer 19

STRATEGY: call up commands needed for movements

Question 20

Motor Cortex

Answer 20

EXECUTION: sends out commands to neurons in spinal cord –> muscle contraction

Question 21

Corticospinal tracts

Answer 21

Motor Cortex –> brain stem –> spinal cord

Question 22

Spinal Motor Neurons

Answer 22

motor neurons in spinal cord, send long processes (axons) to muscle fibers