Human NS Development

Question 1

Bilaminar Embryonic Disc

Answer 1

Where epiblast and hypoblast come in contact

Question 2

Gastrulation

Answer 2

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm: epiblast moves through

Question 3

Notochord

Answer 3

forms b/ 2-3 weeks post fertilization, becomes vertebral column

Question 4

Neurulation

Answer 4

formation of a neural tube that will give rise to Central Nervous System:

Question 5

Formation of neural tube (neurulation)

Answer 5

notochord –> ectoderm, neural plate –> neural groove –> neural tube

Question 6

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)

Answer 6

inductive signals involved in development (growth factors: bone formation/development: in humans: dorsal/ventral axis) bind to protein receptors/trigger signaling inside cells that alters expression of certain genes

Question 7

BMP/neural tube

Answer 7

BMP must be inhibited for neural plate to form, roof plate BMP –> simulates neural crest cell formation –> peripheral nervous system

Question 8

Shh (Sonic hedgehog)

Answer 8

Shh gene codes for signaling protein (Sonic) critical for embryonic development (affects gene expression regulated by GLI transcription)

Question 9

Rostral

Answer 9

Head

Question 10

Caudal

Answer 10

Feet

Question 11

Neurogenesis

Answer 11

New cells born in ventricular zone, all neurons produced pre-natally