Physiology + Homeostasis

Question 1

Normal Pulse (heart rate)

Answer 1

Adult normal resting HR 60-100 beats/min

Question 2

Blood pressure

Answer 2

mmHg

Question 3

Respiratory Rate

Answer 3

adult normal resting RR 12-20 breaths/min

Question 4

Oxygen Saturation

Answer 4

normal >96%

Question 5

Consciousness

Answer 5

ACVPU (alert, confusion, verbal, pain, unresponsive)

Question 6

Capillary refill time

Answer 6

normal <2 seconds

Question 7

phrenic nerve innervates

Answer 7

diaphragm + intercostal muscles

Question 8

respiratory centre of the brain

Answer 8

pons + medulla oblongata

Question 9

Systolic Blood pressure

Answer 9

fdg

Question 10

Blood pressure

Answer 10

outwards (hydrostatic) pressure exerted by the blood on blood vessel walls —– in clinical practice we often measure the systemic arterial blood pressure and express it as SYSTOLIC + DIASTOLIC blood pressures

Question 11

systemic systolic arterial blood pressure + NORMAL RANGE

Answer 11

the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries WHEN THE HEART CONTRACTS

90-120 mmHg

Question 12

systemic Diastolic arterial blood pressure + NORMAL RANGE

Answer 12

the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the aorta and systemic arteries WHEN THE HEART RELAXES

60-80 mmHg

Question 13

Hypertension + RANGE

Answer 13

clinical blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher ++ daytime average of 135/85 mmHg or higher

Question 14

Pulse pressure + NORAML RANGE

Answer 14

difference btween systolic + diastolic blood pressures

30-50 mmHg

Question 15

Meal arterial blood pressure (MAP) + FORMULA + range

Answer 15

the average arterial blood pressure during a single cardiac cycle, which involves contraction and relaxation of the heart

MAP = ((2 x diastolic) + systolic) / 3
or
MAP= DBP + 1/3 pulse pressure

70-105 mmHg
at least 60mmHg needed to perfuse vital organ e.g. brain, heart, kidneys