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neuro > physiology > Flashcards

physiology Flashcards

1
Q

influx of what ion causes depolarisation

A

sodium

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2
Q

efflux of what ion causes repolarisation

A

potassium

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3
Q

when a cell is depolarised what ion channels open

A

calcium channels - influx then a claim induced exocytosis of neurotransmitter

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4
Q

what is the most common neurotransmitter

A

glutamate

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5
Q

does glutamate active cation or anion receptors

A

cation (positively charged)

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6
Q

does GABA/glycine active cation or anion channels

A

anion (negatively charged)

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7
Q

does GABA/glycine cause depolarisation or hyperpolarisation

A

hyperpolarisation - inhibitory response

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8
Q

does glutamate cause depolarisation or hyper polarisation

A

depolarisation - excitatory response

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9
Q

what neurotransmitters can active inotropic ligand gated ion channels (nicotinic AcH receptor channels)

A

Glutamate, GABA, Glycine, ACh and Serotonin

these mediate fast neurotransmission

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10
Q

what neurotransmitters can activate metabotrophic G -protein coupled receptors- slow neurotransmission

A

all except glycine

metabrotropic receptor are muscarinic G protein receptors

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11
Q

what type of neurons are lower motor neurons - in terms of morphology

A

multipolar

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12
Q

what type of neurons are dorsal root ganglion/sensory neurons in terms of morphology

A

pseudo unipolar

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13
Q

what type of afferent fibres are nociceptor fibres and what lamina of rexed are they found in

A

laminae I and II A-delta and C fibres

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14
Q

what afferent fibres are in the DCML eg A, B, C

A

A-alpha and A-beta

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15
Q

what are the laminae of rexed for A-alpha and A-beta fibres respectively

A

A-alpha - laminae VII and IX

A-beta- laminae III and VI

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16
Q

what mechanoreceptors are responsible for detecting touch ? which of these is found in hairy skin

A

meissners corpuscles and merkels discs merkels seen in hairy skin

17
Q

what motor neurons contract in response to stretch reflex

A

gamma motor neurons

18
Q

what are the different kinds of muscle fibres

A

slow oxidative - type I

fast - type IIa and IIb,IIx

19
Q

what type of muscle fibres are found in red meat and why is it red ?

A

type I- slow oxidative red as high myoglobin content

20
Q

describe slow oxidative - type 1 muscle fibres

A

fatigue resistant. ATP from oxidative phosphorylation. slow contraction and relaxation

21
Q

what type of muscle fibres get ATP mainly from glycolysis

A

type IIx (IIb too but not seen in man )

22
Q

what type of fibres are involved in weight lifting

A

IIx

23
Q

what type of muscle fibres involved in running

A

IIa

neuro (13 decks)

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