Physiology Flashcards
What are the four major actions of the GI tract?
- Secretion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Motility
What does the GI system do?
produces secretions which are involved in
digestion and absorption
The GI system can be viewed as?
GI system may be viewed as a chemical
factory, which converts raw materials into
useful products and contains a waste disposal
system
What does the raw materials, Grinding and chopping instruments, Lubricating fluids, Conduits , pipes, Mixer and waste separator represents?
- Raw materials – food
- Grinding and chopping instruments – teeth
- Lubricating fluids – saliva and other secretions
- Conduits , pipes – GI tract, blood vessels
- Mixer – stomach, small intestine
- Waste separator – various parts of the intestine
What is the overall function of the GI tract?
to absorb nutrients and water into circulation
and to eliminate waste products
What does the Glandular organs do?
Produce secretions which are involved in digestion and absorption
Which tract is under neural or hormonal control?
the Upper GI tract is under neural control
the lower GI tract is under hormonal control.
What are the separating regions of the GI tract called?
Separating the regions of the GI tract are also
specialized muscle structures called
sphincters.
What are the function of sphincters?
These function to isolate one region from the
next and provide selective retention of
contents or prevent backflow, or both.
What are the seven sphincters of the body?
Upper oesophageal sphincter • Lower oesophageal sphincter • Pyloric Sphincter • Sphincter of Oddi • Ileocecal valve • Internal anal Sphincter • External anal sphincter
What does the movement of GI walls control?
Movement of GI walls control the flow of
luminal contents along its length
What does the actions of smooth muscle allows?
Actions of smooth muscle in the stomach
and colon allow for storage capacity
What are the 2 main methods of motility?
- Peristalsis – net propulsive action
* Segmentation- slower than peristalsis
