Anatomy

Question 1

What does the digestive system include?

Answer 1

It includes the digestive tract and its accessory organs, which process food into molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells of the body.

Question 2

What is the digestive tract called and what does it consists of?

Answer 2

It also called the alimentary canal
or gastrointestinal (GI) tract, consists of a long continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus.

Question 3

What does the digestive system make up of?

Answer 3

Includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Question 4

What are the major accessory organs in the digestive system?

Answer 4

Salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

Question 5

What does salivary glands do?

Answer 5

They produce saliva and they pour their

secretions into the oral cavity through the ducts.

Question 6

what are salivary glands separated into?

Answer 6

they are divided into lobules

Question 7

What are lobules in the salivary glands separated by?

Answer 7

Lobules are separated from one another by the connective tissue septa

Question 8

What does lobules contain?

Answer 8

Contain secreting units called acini, ducts which drain the acini.

Question 9

What is the acinus in the lobules of the salivary glands?

Answer 9

Acinus is an oval or spherical structure which has a lumen in the center and enclosed by a basement membrane.

Question 10

What is between the basement membrane and the epithelial cells of the acini in the lobules of the salivary glands?

Answer 10

Myoepithelial cells lie between the epithelial cells and the basement membrane.

Question 11

What does the myoepithelial cells do?

Answer 11

These cells squeeze out secretion.

Question 12

What are the acini drained by?

Answer 12

Acini are drained by the intercalated ducts

Question 13

What are the 3 types of acinus?

Answer 13

Mucous acinus, serous acinus, and mixed acinus

Question 14

What is the shape of the mucous acinus? and what is it lined by?

Answer 14

Oval shaped structure, has a large lumen and it is Lined by columnar cells (acinar cells) Cells have flat nucleus situated on the basement membrane.

Question 15

what does the mucous acinus contains in a fresh condition?

Answer 15

In the fresh condition they contain large secretory granules of mucinogen near the apex.

Question 16

How does the mucous acinus looks on a slide?

Answer 16

The secretory product has either been dissolved during the staining process or remains unstained
• Due to this, the cells are clear and transparent

Question 17

What is the shape of the serous acinus? and what is it lined by?

Answer 17

Spherical structure and smaller than mucous acinus Has a small lumen, lined by columnar or pyramidal cells. Cells contain a round nucleus which is placed near basal part.

Question 18

How does the serous acinus looks on a slide?

Answer 18

In an H&E stain, the cytoplasm at the apical part of the cell appear pinkish The apical part contains
secretory granules.

Question 19

What are mixed acinus?

Answer 19

These are the mucous acini .They have a half moon (crescent) shaped cap of serous cells on them.

Question 20

What does the caps of serous cells in mixed acinus do?

Answer 20

These caps of serous cells attach to mucus producing acini and empty their secretory product into interstices between the mucus-producing cell.

Question 21

what are the caps of serous cells called?

Answer 21

These caps of serous cells are called serous demilunes or crescents of Gianuzzi.

Question 22

What are the 2 types of Intralobular ducts?

Answer 22

intercalated ducts and striated ducts

Question 23

What does Intercalated ducts do?

Answer 23

drain the acini and lined by simple

cuboidal epithelium

Question 24

How are striated ducts formed?

Answer 24

Striated ducts formed by the intercalated ducts and

lined by simple columnar epithelium

Question 25

What are interlobular ducts?

Answer 25

Interlobular ducts are embedded in the connective
tissue surrounding the lobules of the glands. They are
lined by stratified cuboidal or columnar epithelium