Physiology 2.3 Flashcards
pharynx: function?
muscular propulsion of bolus into esophagus
esophagus: function?
actively moves swallowed food to the stomach, 25cm long
how long is small intestine and function?
6m; nutrient absoption
describe each part of small intestine
duodeum: mxing bowl
jejunum: bulk of chemical digestion, nutrient absorption
ileum: controls flow of material to large intestine
intestine: describe each layer from inner to outer
mucosa; inner, consists of epithelium
submucosa: contains blood vessels, lymphatic
muscular layer: smooth muscle cells, innvervated by SNS and PNS
serosa: outer layer
what is large intestine composed of?
cecum: first portion
colon: largest portion
rectum: anus
location of pancreas?
colour?
function
behind stomach
gray pink
release of digestive enzymes
endocrine: secretes insulin and glucagon into bloodstream, controls blood sugar
exocrine: secretes pancreatic juice
what does pancreas release?
enzymes
eg pancreas lipase: breakdown of lipids
pancreas alpha-amylase: breakdown of starches eg potatoes
proteolytic enzyme: breakdown of proteins
which organ has more than 200 functions?
liver.
3 categories
metabolic regulation
-regulates how blood is composed in circulation
hematolic regulation
-largest blood reservoir (stores blood?)
bile production
- synthesis of bile (breaks down fats)
where do you find gallbladder?
function?
in fossa behind the liver
pearshaped
stores bile
activities of digestive glands coordinated by?
nerves and hormones
eg PNS (digestive tract in activity) ; SNS (inhibits activities in digestive tract)
what happens in large intestine to the food that arrives?
h2o reabsorption
bile salt, vitamine, organic waste reabsorption
how is food (molecules) broken down into synthesis of ATP for energy?
through hydrolysis - synthesis of carbs protein fats by means of enzymes
which vitamins are fat soluble?
a-d-e-k
when does respiratory alkalosis happen and why?
during hyperventilation
PCO2 decreased
