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2nd Year Final Exam 2017-2020 > Physiology 2017 > Flashcards

Physiology 2017 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens in hypotonic contraction?

A. Decreased interstitial fluid osmolarity, increased intracellular volume
B. Decreased interstitial fluid osmolarity, decreased intracellular volume
C. Increased interstitial fluid osmolarity, increased intracellular volume
D. Increased interstitial fluid osmolarity, decreased intracellular volume

A

A. Decreased interstitial fluid osmolarity, increased intracellular volume

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2
Q

What is the region in the sarcomere where myosin and actin overlap?

A. Dark band
B. Light band
C. H zone
D. Z disc

A

A. Dark band

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3
Q

What change will occur when the level of sodium decreases in the blood?

A. Internalisation of K+ channels
B. Deactivation of ENaC
C. Deactivation of K+ in the basolateral side
D. Activation of NA+/K+ ATPase

A

D. Activation of NA+/K+ ATPase

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4
Q

Activation of which adrenergic receptor causes an increase in heart rate?

A. Adrenergic B1
B. Adrenergic B2
C. Nicotinic receptor

A

A. Adrenergic B1

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5
Q

Which cell adhesion molecules appear temporarily during inflammation?

A. Cadherins
B. Connexons
C. Integrins
D. Selectins

A

D. Selectins

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6
Q

Which of the following has an antagonist effect on adenylate cyclase?

A. cAMP
B. PKA
C. Phospholipase C
D. Phosphodiesterase

A

D. Phosphodiesterase

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7
Q

What neurotransmitter is released at the motor end plate?

A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Epinephrine
D. Adrenaline

A

B. Acetylcholine

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8
Q

Which of the following does blood flow fastest in while a man is running?

A. Femoral artery
B. Femoral vein
C. Aorta
D. Capillaries

A

C. Aorta

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9
Q

What is the main form that CO2 is in when traveling through the blood?

A. Dissolved gas
B. Hemoglobin
C. Bicarbonate ion

A

C. Bicarbonate ion

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10
Q

What is responsible for relaxation in heart muscles?

A. SERCA pump
B. Na/K ATPase
C. L type Ca2+ channels
D. Ryanodine receptor

A

A. SERCA pump

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11
Q

Muscle contraction of the same length is known as…

A. Isometric contraction
B. Isotonic contraction

A

A. Isometric contraction

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12
Q

An increase in which of the following will lead to an increased risk of blood vessel rupture?

A. Blood flow
B. Thickness
C. Diameter
D. Compliance

A

C. Diameter

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13
Q

If damage occurs to the medulla of the adrenal gland, what will be affected?

A. Epinephrine
B. Cortisol
C. Aldosterone
D. Androgens

A

A. Epinephrine

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14
Q

What causes the plateau phase in a cardiac muscle cell?

A. Calcium influx, potassium efflux
B. Calcium efflux, potassium influx
C. Sodium influx, potassium efflux
D. Sodium efflux, potassium influx

A

A. Calcium influx, potassium efflux

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15
Q

Which of the following refers to the selectivity of an ion channel?

A. Permitting passage of ions of the same charge
B. Permitting passage to a specific ion
C. Responding to one type of stimulus
D. Binding to a specific ligand

A

B. Permitting passage to a specific ion

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16
Q

What’s is the concentration of a solution that contains 100mM Na+, 140mM Cl-, and 5mM protein?

A. 245mOsm/L
B. 250mOsm/L
C. 245mM
D. 250mM

17
Q

What is the membrane potential for sodium cation if the concentration inside = 15 and the concentration outside = 145?

A. +60
B. -60
C. +90
D.-90

18
Q

Inside the cell there is a concentration of 9mM Na+ ions and outside the concentration of Na+ ions is 90mM. What is the electric potential?

A. -61
B. +61
C. -90
D.+90

19
Q

A 50 kg man has an osmolarity of 280mOsm with a total body water of 42L. The man then went and drank 1L of water. What is the new osmolarity?

A. 264
B. 270
C. 273
D. 278

20
Q

What moves IgG across the placental membrane?

A. Transcytosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Exocytosis
D. Pinocytosis

A

A. Transcytosis

21
Q

What is the cause of typical normal anion gap acidosis?

A. Loss of bicarbonate from the kidney
B. Increase in plasma concentration of lactic acid
C. Increase in PCO2
D. Increase in plasma concentration of ketone bodies

A

A. Loss of bicarbonate from kidney

22
Q

Which cells have the highest density of desmosomes?

A. Hair cells
B. Retinal cells
C. Neurons
D. Skin cells

A

D. Skin cells

23
Q

Which physiological process leads to synaptic depression in short term synaptic plasticity?

A. Increased residual calcium in the presynaptic compartment
B. Reduced amount of releasable NTs
C. Reduced response by synaptic receptors
D. Saturation of postsynaptic receptors

A

B. Reduced amount of releasable NTs

24
Q

If a hormone binds to a membrane Janus kinase (JAK Kinase) what will happen?

A. JAK Kinase will dissociate from membrane
B. Release second messengers will occur
C. Phosphorylations of STAT will occur

A

C. Phosphorylation of STAT will occur

2nd Year Final Exam 2017-2020 (12 decks)

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