Physiology

Question 1

Fastest in btw Atrial , AV nodal , Ventricular fibre in conduction

Answer 1

Ventricular >Atrial>AV nodal

Question 2

Increasing Po2 means CO2 binds less well to Hb

Answer 2

Haldane effect

Question 3

increasing acidity (or pCO2) means O2 binds less well to Hb

Answer 3

Bohr effect

Question 4

Chloride shift

Answer 4

CO2 diffuses into RBCs
CO2 + H20 —- carbonic anhydrase -→ HCO3- + H+
H+ combines with Hb
HCO3- diffuses out of cell,- Cl- replaces it

Question 5

Respiratory physiology: hypoxia

A fall in the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood leads to vasoconstriction of the pulmonary arteries. This allows blood to be diverted to better aerated areas of the lung and improves the efficiency of gaseous exchange

Question 6

****is an autoimmune disorder characterised by the presence of circulating antibodies against type IV collagen in the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes.

Answer 6

Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 7

******* , this is a technology used to measure gene expression levels

Answer 7

microarray

Question 8

Left ventricular ejection fraction =

Answer 8

(stroke volume / end diastolic LV volume ) * 100%

Question 9

Systemic vascular resistance = mean arterial pressure / cardiac output

Question 10

The resulting deficiency of C5-C9 due to eculizumab predisposes to*** infections

Answer 10

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 11

C5-C9 deficiency predisposes to

Answer 11

Neisseria meningitis infection