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(1) Banche di Prova > PhysioLec: Pulmonary Functional Anatomy > Flashcards

PhysioLec: Pulmonary Functional Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Expiration of the lungs is a passive process in which the diaphragm moves superiorly and the external intercostal muscles relax and the elastic lungs and thoracic wall recoil inward.

A

True

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The normal pleural pressure at the beginning of inspiration is –5 cm H2O

A

True

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Type II cells are the primary respiratory cells

A

False

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4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: There are 24 generations of airway branching of the respiratory tree

A

False

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The cilia in the nasopharynx beat downwards toward the oropharynx.

A

True

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Alveolar macrophages are the only defense mechanism of the alveoli from debris.

A

True

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: One of the functions of the upper respiratory tract is for air humidification

A

True

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The gel layer is the thick mucous part in the upper respiratory tract

A

True

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Surfactant is a mixture of phospholipids and lipoproteins which increases surface tension of the alveolar fluid.

A

False

Surfactants decrease surface tension

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The c-shaped / horseshoe-shaped cartilages in the trachea permit patency of the airways

A

True

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The cartilages of the trachea are not a full ring in order to accommodate the esophagus posteriorly and to prevent collapse of the airway.

A

True

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The cricoid cartilage is the only full ring cartilage in the trachea.

A

True

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The nose has cilia that functions as a filtration mechanism.

A

False

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Conducting zones allow gas exchanges to occur.

A

False

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Surface tension tends to collapse the alveolus.

A

True

Additional: If an alveolus was lined with pure water, it would collapse

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16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Secondary Bronchioles are part of the respiratory zones.

A

False

17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The lungs are a highly vascularized organ.

A

True

18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In chronic smokers, the columnar cells in the upper respiratory tract become cuboidal cells

A

True

19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The alveolocapillary membrane is made up of 6 layers.

A

True

Source: Guyton

20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The pressure gradients between the alveoli and capillary drives gas exchange

A

True

21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Alveolar pressure is also called the recoil pressure.

A

False

Transpulmonary pressure - recoil pressure of the lungs; the pressure difference between the intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures that creates the suction to keep the lungs inflated.

22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Boyle’s Law states that as the volume increases, pressure increases.

A

False

With a larger volume, the gas molecules strike the wall less frequently, thus exerting less pressure.
The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume of its container.

23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: When there is wasted ventilation in the alveolus, physiologic dead space increases

A

True

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The approximation of the ribs during respiration is the bucket-handle effect

A

False

Bucket-handle effect: increase lateral diameter of chest cavity, exerted by external intercostals

Caliper effect - Ribs almost approximate each other. As the ribs flare out, the space in between the ribs narrow down.

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: External respiration involves gas exchange at the blood-tissue level

A

True

26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Minute respiratory volume = 6L/min

A

True

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: If a stab wound of a patient to the chest that punctured the (L) lung, it will hyperinflate

A

False

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In between breaths (mid-inspiration), the intra-alveolar pressure is 0mmHg and the atmospheric pressure is equal to the intrapulmonary pressure

A

True

29
Q

Internal intercostals
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION

30
Q

Scalenes
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION

31
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION

32
Q

External intercostal muscles
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

C. QUIET INSPIRATION

33
Q

Diaphragm
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

C. QUIET INSPIRATION

34
Q

Rectus abdominis
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION

35
Q

Rectus femoris
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION
E. None

A

E. None

36
Q

External oblique
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION

37
Q

Transversus abdominis
A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION
B. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR INSPIRATION
C. QUIET INSPIRATION
D. QUIET EXPIRATION

A

A. ACCESSORY MUSCLE FOR EXPIRATION

(1) Banche di Prova (15 decks)

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