Physio Review - Lopez-Hernandez Flashcards
Hormones released from hypothalamus
TRH, CRH, GnRH, Somatostatin, Dopamine
Hormones released from anterior pituitary
TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, MSH, GH, Prolactin
Hormones released from posterior pituitary
ADH, Oxytocin, T3, T4, Calcitonin
Hormone released from parathyroid gland
PTH
Corpus luteum/Ovaries - hormones
Estradiol, Progesterone
Placenta - hormones
HCG, Estriol, Progesterone, HPL
Kidneys - hormones
Renin, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Adrenal cortex - hormones
Cortisol, aldosterone, adrenal androgens
Amine hormones - derived from _____
Tyrosine
Steroid hormones - derived from ______
Cholesterol
Which has a longer half-life: T3 or T4?
T4
Steroid hormones
Cortisol, Androgens, Aldosterone, Thyroid hormones
Protein hormones
Thyrotropin, insulin, ADH
2 ways to alter response to a hormone
- Change # of receptor
- Change affinity of receptor
Which hormones use the AC/cAMP pathway?
ACTH, LH, FSH, TSH, glucagon
Which hormones use the PLC/IP3/DAG pathway?
GnRH, TRH, GHRH, oxytocin
Describe A.C. signaling pathway
Gs –> alpha-GTP –> A.C. –> cAMP –> PKA –> phosphorylation of proteins
Describe PLC signaling pathway
Gq –> alpha-GTP –> PLC –> IP3/DAG –> PKC, Ca+ release
What is an SRE?
Steroid-responsive element – Portion of DNA where active steroid hormone receptor transcription factor binds and causes txn and translation
Hypothalamus-Pituitary axis regulates the function of which 3 other endocrine glands?
Thyroid, Adrenal, Gonads
3 physiologic processes regulated by the H-P axis
- Growth
- Milk production and ejection
- Osmoregulation
Primary vs. Secondary vs. Tertiary endocrine disorders
Primary - the gland itself
Secondary - Pituitary
Tertiary - Hypothalamus
