Hypothalamic and Pituitary Drugs - Kruse

Question 1

Somatropin, Somatotropin

Answer 1

Growth Hormone agonist

Question 2

Mecasermin

Answer 2

IGF-1 agonist

Question 3

Octreotide, Lanreotide

Answer 3

Somatostatin agonist

Question 4

Pegvisomant

Answer 4

GH antagonist

Question 5

Bromocriptine, Cabergoline

Answer 5

Dopamine agonist

Question 6

Vasopressin, Desmopressin

Answer 6

ADH agonist

Question 7

Conivaptan, Tolvaptan

Answer 7

ADH antagonists

Question 8

GH (Somatropin) effects on:

• Bone
• Muscle
• Fat
• Blood sugar

Answer 8

Bone = longitudinal growth
Muscle = anabolism
Fat = catabolism
Glucose = decreased

Question 9

Uses of Somatropin (6)

Answer 9

• Short stature (kids)
• Prader-Willi
• Turner syndrome
• Noonan syndrome
• AIDS cachexia
• Short bowel syndrome

Question 10

GH (Somatropin) toxicities - adults

Answer 10

• Myalgias, arthralgias
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Peripheral edema

Question 11

Somatropin contraindication

Answer 11

Malignancy

Question 12

Mecasermin use

Answer 12

IGF-1 deficiency (not responsive to GH)

Question 13

Mecasermin adverse effect

How to prevent?

Answer 13

Hypoglycemia

Eat 20 minutes before administration

Question 14

Octreotide uses

Answer 14

• GH-secreting adenomas (gigantism, acromegaly)
• Other hormone-secreting tumors (Carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, nesidioblastosis, diabetic diarrhea, WDHA syndrome)

Question 15

Lanreotide use

Answer 15

Acromegaly

Question 16

Adverse effects of octreotide/lanreotide

Answer 16

Gallbladder sludge, gallstones

Question 17

Somatostatin inhibitory functions (4)

Answer 17

Inhibits GH, glucagon, insulin, and gastrin

Question 18

Pegvisomant - MoA

Answer 18

GH receptor antagonist

Question 19

Pegvisomant - use

Answer 19

Acromegaly

Question 20

Bromocriptine, Cabergoline - use

Answer 20

Hyperprolactinemia

Question 21

Bromocriptine, Cabergoline - MoA

Answer 21

Dopamine D2 receptor agonist

Question 22

Vasopressin administration

Answer 22

IV, IM

Question 23

Desmopressin administration

Answer 23

IV, subQ, intranasal, oral

Question 24

Vasopressin - MoA

Answer 24

Activates V1 (vascular SM) and V2 (renal tubules) receptors to increase blood pressure

Question 25

Desmopressin - MoA

Answer 25

Activates V2 ONLY

Question 26

Vasopressin, Desmopressin - use

Answer 26

Central diabetes insipidus

Question 27

Vasopressin, Desmopressin - overdose S/S

Answer 27

Hyponatremia, seizures

Question 28

Conivaptan - MoA

Answer 28

V1 and V2 receptor antagonist

Question 29

Tolvaptan - MoA

Answer 29

V2 receptor-SELECTIVE antagonist

Question 30

Conivaptan, Tolvaptan - use

Answer 30

Euvolemic/hypervolemic hyponatremia (CHF, SIADH)