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Science > Physics yr9 > Flashcards

Physics yr9 Flashcards

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1
Q

How can energy be stored

A

In a variety of different ways

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2
Q

Name 4 different ways energy can be transferred

A

Heating, waves, electrical current or when an object is moved

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3
Q

What happens when an object falls and gains speed

A

Its store of gravitational potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy store increases.

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4
Q

What happens when a object hits the ground and it bounces back

A

Kinetic energy store increases

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5
Q

Can energy be created or destroyed

A

No

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6
Q

Does conservation of energy apply to all energy changes

A

Yes

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7
Q

What is a closed system

A

A system in which no energy transfers take place out of or into the energy stores.

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8
Q

Can energy be transferred between energy stores in a closed system

A

Yes

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9
Q

What happens when an object moves up and down

A

Gravitational potential energy:
Increases when it moves up
Decreases when it moves down

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10
Q

What happens when an object is lifted up

A

Gravitational potential energy store increases.

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11
Q

Is the gravitational potential field strength at the moon’s surface less than on earth

A

Yes

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12
Q

True or false
The energy in the kinetic energy store, depends on its mass and speed

A

True

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13
Q

What energy is stored in an elastic object when work is done on it.

A

Elastic potential energy

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14
Q

What is the name given to energy when it is in the place we want it and in the form we need it.

A

Useful energy

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15
Q

What is the name given to the energy that is not useful and is transferred by an undesirable pathway

A

Wasted energy

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16
Q

What happens when wasted energy is eventually transferred to the surroundings

A

It becomes warmer

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17
Q

What happens as energy dissipates (spreads out)

A

It gets less and less useful

18
Q

True or false
An energy transfers can be more than 100% efficient

A

False

19
Q

What substances supply most of the energy we use in our house

A

Gas and/ or oil

20
Q

What is a wind turbine

A

An electricity generator on the top of a tall tower

21
Q

How do waves generate electricity

A

By turning a floating generator

22
Q

How does hydroelectricity generate energy

A

Generators are turned by water running downhill

23
Q

How does a tidal power station generate energy

A

Traps each high tide and uses it to turn generators.

24
Q

What are solar cells

A

Flat solid cells that use the suns energy to generate electricity directly

25
Q

How do solar heating panels heat water

A

Using the suns energy

26
Q

Where does geothermal energy come from

A

Energy transferred by radioactive substances deep inside the earth

27
Q

How do they produce steam to drive turbines

A

By pumping water into hot rocks

28
Q

Do nuclear fuels produce harmful waste

A

Yes

29
Q

How many cells does a battery consist of

A

Two or more

30
Q

What does the size of an electrical current =

A

Rate of flow of charge

31
Q

What is the equation for the electrical current of a circuit

A

I=Q/t

32
Q

How do you find potential difference across a circuit

A

V=E/Q

33
Q

How do you find the resistance

A

R=V/I

34
Q

What is ohms law

A

The current through a resistor at a constant temperature is directly proportional across its ends

35
Q

What are the characteristics for the components in a series

A
  • the current is the same in each component
  • the total potential difference is shared between the components
  • adding their resistance gives the total resistance
36
Q

How do we find the total resistance

A

R total = R1+R2

37
Q

Does adding more resistors in series increases the total resistance

A

Yes

38
Q

What are the characteristics for the components in a parallel

A
  • the total current is the sum of the currents through the separate components
  • the potential difference across each component is the same
39
Q

True or false
The bigger the resistance of a component, the smaller the current that will pass through it

A

True

40
Q

What is the equation for the current through a resistor

A

I=V/R

41
Q

What happens if we add more resistors in a parallel circuit

A

The total resistance decreases

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