Chemistry yr9

Question 1

What is an atom

Answer 1

Smallest part of an element

Question 2

What is a molecule

Answer 2

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 3

What is an element

Answer 3

A substance made up of only one type of atom

Question 4

What is a compound

Answer 4

Substance made from two or more elements chemically bonded together

Question 5

What is a mixture

Answer 5

Two or more substances mixed together but do not react together

Question 6

What is an isotope

Answer 6

Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons

Question 7

What is the law of conservation of mass

Answer 7

Mass is never gained or lost in a chemical reaction

Question 8

What is filtration

Answer 8

Using a filter to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

Question 9

What is crystallisation

Answer 9

Evaporating away the liquid (solvent) leaving the solid crystals (solute) behind

Question 10

What is simple distillation

Answer 10

Separates a liquid from a solution. The solution is heated, it evaporates and then condenses for collection

Question 11

What is fractional distillation

Answer 11

Separates multiple liquids from a solution, based on boiling points

Question 12

What is chromatography

Answer 12

Separating solvable substances from one another

Question 13

What is the relative charge of a proton

Answer 13

+1

Question 14

What is the relative charge of a neutron

Answer 14

0

Question 15

What is the relative charge of an electron

Answer 15

-1

Question 16

What is the relative mass of a proton

Answer 16

1

Question 17

What is the relative mass of a neutron

Answer 17

1

Question 18

What is the relative mass of an electron

Answer 18

Almost 0

Question 19

What are the alkali metals

Answer 19

Elements in group 1 of the periodic table

Question 20

What are the halogens

Answer 20

Elements in group 7 of the periodic table

Question 21

What are the noble gases

Answer 21

Elements in group 0 of the periodic table

Question 22

What is a displacement reaction

Answer 22

A reaction where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element.

Question 23

What are transition elements

Answer 23

Elements that for the centre block of the periodic table

Question 24

How was the first periodic table ordered

Answer 24

In atomic weights

Question 25

Where early periodic tables complete

Answer 25

No

Question 26

How s the periodic table ordered

Answer 26

By atomic number

Question 27

What similarities to elements in the same group have

Answer 27

The same number of electrons in its outer shell

Question 28

What properties do the alkali metals have

Answer 28

- alkali metals have characteristic properties due to the single electron i there outer shell - the reactivity increases going down the group

Question 29

What properties do the halogens have

Answer 29

- similar reactions (same number of electrons in outer shell - they are non metals - the melting / boiling point ad the relative mass increases going down the group -reactivity decreases going down the group

Question 30

What properties do the transition metals have

Answer 30

-much less reactive than group 1 metals - good conductors of electricity - hard and strong - high melting points

Question 31

What is a covalent bond

Answer 31

The bond between two non metals

Question 32

What is an ionic bond

Answer 32

The bond between a non metal and a metal

Question 33

What is a metallic bond

Answer 33

The bond between two metals

Question 34

What are intermolecular forces

Answer 34

The attraction between the individual molecules in a covalently bonded substance

Question 35

What is a polymer

Answer 35

A substance made from very large molecules made up of many repeating units

Question 36

What are delocalised electrons

Answer 36

An electron that can move freely between atoms

Question 37

What is a fullerene

Answer 37

Molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shape

Question 38

What is an alloy

Answer 38

A mixture of two or more elements at least one of which is a metal

Question 39

What are the properties of ionic bonding

Answer 39

- electrons are transferred - ions are formed - high melting/ boiling points - conductive when liquid/ molten

Question 40

What are the properties of covalent bonding

Answer 40

- electrons are shared - no ions are formed - low melting/ boiling points - not conductive (no free electrons)

Question 41

What are the properties of metallic bonding

Answer 41

- high melting and boiling points - conduct electricity (has delocalised electrons)

Question 42

What are the properties of graphite

Answer 42

- carbon atoms are formed in layers - layers can slide over eachother (soft) - used in pencils -each carbon atom is joined to three other carbons - conducts electricity

Question 43

What are the properties of diamond

Answer 43

- each carbon is joined to four other carbons - very hard + high melting point - does not conduct electricity

Question 44

What are the properties of silica

Answer 44

- Similar structure to diamond - hard + high melting point - contains silicone and carbon atoms - its a semiconductor