Chemistry yr9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an atom

A

Smallest part of an element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a molecule

A

Two or more atoms chemically bonded together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an element

A

A substance made up of only one type of atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a compound

A

Substance made from two or more elements chemically bonded together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a mixture

A

Two or more substances mixed together but do not react together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an isotope

A

Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass

A

Mass is never gained or lost in a chemical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is filtration

A

Using a filter to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is crystallisation

A

Evaporating away the liquid (solvent) leaving the solid crystals (solute) behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is simple distillation

A

Separates a liquid from a solution. The solution is heated, it evaporates and then condenses for collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is fractional distillation

A

Separates multiple liquids from a solution, based on boiling points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is chromatography

A

Separating solvable substances from one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the relative charge of a proton

A

+1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the relative charge of a neutron

A

0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron

A

-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the relative mass of a proton

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron

A

Almost 0

19
Q

What are the alkali metals

A

Elements in group 1 of the periodic table

20
Q

What are the halogens

A

Elements in group 7 of the periodic table

21
Q

What are the noble gases

A

Elements in group 0 of the periodic table

22
Q

What is a displacement reaction

A

A reaction where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element.

23
Q

What are transition elements

A

Elements that for the centre block of the periodic table

24
Q

How was the first periodic table ordered

A

In atomic weights

25
Q

Where early periodic tables complete

A

No

26
Q

How s the periodic table ordered

A

By atomic number

27
Q

What similarities to elements in the same group have

A

The same number of electrons in its outer shell

28
Q

What properties do the alkali metals have

A
  • alkali metals have characteristic properties due to the single electron i there outer shell
  • the reactivity increases going down the group
29
Q

What properties do the halogens have

A
  • similar reactions (same number of electrons in outer shell
  • they are non metals
  • the melting / boiling point ad the relative mass increases going down the group
    -reactivity decreases going down the group
30
Q

What properties do the transition metals have

A

-much less reactive than group 1 metals
- good conductors of electricity
- hard and strong
- high melting points

31
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

The bond between two non metals

32
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

The bond between a non metal and a metal

33
Q

What is a metallic bond

A

The bond between two metals

34
Q

What are intermolecular forces

A

The attraction between the individual molecules in a covalently bonded substance

35
Q

What is a polymer

A

A substance made from very large molecules made up of many repeating units

36
Q

What are delocalised electrons

A

An electron that can move freely between atoms

37
Q

What is a fullerene

A

Molecules of carbon atoms with hollow shape

38
Q

What is an alloy

A

A mixture of two or more elements at least one of which is a metal

39
Q

What are the properties of ionic bonding

A
  • electrons are transferred
  • ions are formed
  • high melting/ boiling points
  • conductive when liquid/ molten
40
Q

What are the properties of covalent bonding

A
  • electrons are shared
  • no ions are formed
  • low melting/ boiling points
  • not conductive (no free electrons)
41
Q

What are the properties of metallic bonding

A
  • high melting and boiling points
  • conduct electricity (has delocalised electrons)
42
Q

What are the properties of graphite

A
  • carbon atoms are formed in layers
  • layers can slide over eachother (soft)
  • used in pencils
    -each carbon atom is joined to three other carbons
  • conducts electricity
43
Q

What are the properties of diamond

A
  • each carbon is joined to four other carbons
  • very hard + high melting point
  • does not conduct electricity
44
Q

What are the properties of silica

A
  • Similar structure to diamond
  • hard + high melting point
  • contains silicone and carbon atoms
  • its a semiconductor