Physics Unit 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 fundamental particles of the atom
Neutron, electron, and proton
What is the max # of electrons permitted in the N-shell
32
Which electron shell is located closest to the nucleus
K-shell
How many electrons can the L-shell hold
8
The number of protons in the atoms nucleus is reflected in its
Atomic #
The # of protons and neutrons in the atoms nucleus is the
Atomic mass #
T/F The kinetic energy of a body turns into potential energy when the body is put into motion
False
T/F Energy cannot be created or destroyed but diverted into other forms of energy is know as the theory of relativity
False
Actual or potential ability to do work
Energy
Anything that occupies space and has form
Matter
Force x distance
Work
Energy in motion
Kinetic energy
Stored energy
Potential energy
Simple substance that cannot be broken down
Element
Complex substance made of 2 or more elements that are chemically United
Compound
Smallest particle of an element that still possesses the chemical properties of that element
Atom
When 2 or more substances are combined
Mixture
Energy
Joule
Mass
Kilogram
Velocity
Speed of light
Wavelength
Angstrom
Hertz
Frequency
When atoms of one element change to atoms of another element because of the loss of a proton is know as
Radioactive decay
The process of adding or removing an electron from an atom is known as
Ionization
When an atom has the same # of protons but different # of neutrons it is known as
Isotope
Elements on the periodic table are listed by their
Atomic #
Action of machines and physical movement
Mechanical
Result of electric and magnetic disturbances in space
Electromagnetic
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
Nuclear
Results from the movement of electrons
Electrical
Results of the motion of atoms and molecules
Heat (thermal)
Energy released during a chemical reaction
Chemical
What energy is plotted by wavelength and frequency
Electromagnetic
Which of the following energies possesses the greatest energy
Gamma rays
The behavior known was wave particle duality is described as
Radiation behaving as a wave and a particle at the same time
The symbol for wavelength is
Lambda
The length of wavelength that is important for diagnostic X-ray is the
Angstrom
Cycles per second of a wavelength is measured by
Hertz
Which of the following is the constant for electromagnetic radiation
Velocity
X and gamma radiation can be described as having
Short wavelength and high frequency
Which of the following equations can describe the relationship between photon energy and frequency
E=h y
Which of the following is not a true statement concerning x-ray properties
Do not release heat upon passing through matter
Which portion of the tube assembly contains a low negative potential
Focusing cup
What is formed when electrons leave the surface of the filament
Thermionic cloud
Which of the following elements of the anode/cathode assembly is made from thoriated tungsten
Filament
This place limits the maximum range of mA, the x-ray tube is capable of producing
Space charge effect
What is the term used when no more electrons are available to be boiled off because of the kVp
Saturation current
Grid pulsed, grid, biased, or grid controlled tubes are used in all of the following except
Mammography
The ___ acts as a thermal conductor within the x-ray tube assembly
Anode
What portion is the only part of the tube assembly located outside of the envelope?
Stator
Which of the following devices permits electrons to flow from the cathode to the anode, without external forces/interactions?
Vacuum sealed envelope
Scatter/leakage radiation is limited to_____/hour
1 mSv
Which chart is most important to the technologist?
Tube rating chart
Which chart plots, MA, KV, and time
Tube rating chart
Which of the following is not a target interaction in the x-ray tube
Coherent
Which interaction has the highest incidence of occurrence
Heat
Named for slowing or breaking
Brems
Occur at KVP levels higher than 70
Characteristic
Interacts with the force field of the nucleus
Brems
Majority of the diagnostic beam
Brems
Create multiple x-ray photons with each interaction
Characteristic
Occurs between 80–100 KVP
Brems
Increases skin dose
Characteristic
During characteristic interaction, which shell is considered diagnostically useful
K
At what KEV level is a characteristic peak seen
69 keV
During an interaction, the loss of energy becomes a/an
X-ray photon
The closer the interaction takes place to the nucleus, the____ the photon energy
Greater
