physics term 1 [exam] Flashcards
define scalar quantities
a quantity that has size but not direction
define vector quantities
a quantity that has size and direction
What are the two quantities
scalar and vector
how do you convert from m/s to km/h?
x 3.6
how do you convert from km/h to m/s?
÷ 3.6
how do you go up in conversions (mm –> km)
÷10, ÷100, ÷1000
how do you go down in conversions (km –> mm)
x 10, x 100, x 1000
define distance (d)
how far an object travels in total (Scalar quantity)
define displacement (s)
the straight line distance between the starting and finishing points (Vector quantity)
What are the characteristics of speed
scalar
m/s or ms-1 km/h or kmh-1
symbol = Vav
What are the characteristics of velocity
vector
m/s or ms-1 km/h or kmh-1
symbol = Vav
define acceleration
change in velocity/speed (rate)
if an object is changing its speed or direction it is the acceleration
acceleration is larger when the change in speed happens over less time
how do you find the acceleration
final velocity - initial velocity ÷ time
how do you find the speed
distance traveled ÷ time
how do you find the velocity
displacement ÷ time
what causes acceleration
unbalanced forces acting on an object will result in acceleration
What is newtons first law of motion
known as the law of inertia,
moving objects keep moving
objects in rest stay at rest
unless acted on by unbalanced force
What is newtons second law of motion
expressed as F=ma
more force means more acceleration
more mass means less acceleration
What is Newton’s third law of motion
known as action-reaction
if an object exerts a force on another object –> the 2nd exerts equal and opposite force on the 1st
how to find force
f = ma
m - mass in kg
a - acceleration in m.s-1
larger acceleration –> larger force
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
What is an example of the law of conservation of energy
When playing pool, the cue ball is shot at a stationary 8 ball. The cue ball has energy. When the cue ball hits the 8 ball, the energy transfers from the cue ball to the 8 ball, sending the 8 ball into motion. The cue ball loses energy because the energy it had has been transferred to the 8 ball, so the cue ball slows down.
how do u find average velocity
final velocity + initial velocity ÷ 2
