Physics SA

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

A way of understanding the world, based on
observable evidence, reasoning, and repeated
testing.

Question 2

Scientific Method

Answer 2

1. Observation
2. Construct a Hypothesis
3. Experiment
4. Result Analysis
5. Conclusion
6. Communication (Reporting the Result)

Question 3

Types of Variables

Answer 3

1. Dependent Variable
2. Independent Variable
3. Controlled Variable

Question 4

Dependent Variable

Answer 4

The variable that is measured/observed in the experiment.

Question 5

Independent Variable

Answer 5

The variable that is changed throughout the experiment.

Question 6

Controlled Variable

Answer 6

The variable that stays the same in the experiment.

Question 7

Attitudes of Scientists

Answer 7

1. Curiosity
2. Open-minded
3. Objectivity
4. Integrity
5. Perseverance

Question 8

Curiosity

Answer 8

Wanting to know more about the unexpected result.

Question 9

Open-minded

Answer 9

Willing to accept that something can happen contrary to the popular belief.

Question 10

Objectivity

Answer 10

Following the facts based on results.

Question 11

Integrity

Answer 11

Never falsely report the result of the observation.

Question 12

Perseverance

Answer 12

Sticking to the truth until the discovery is approved.

Question 13

Physical Quantity

Answer 13

A physical property that can be measured and

described/expressed by a number.

Question 14

Base Quantity

Answer 14

Physical quantities that cannot be defined in any other physical quantities. This includes mass, length, time, temperature, amount of substance, luminous intensity, and electric current.

Question 15

Derived Quantity

Answer 15

Physical quantities which are obtained from the base quantities. This includes volume, density, velocity, force, and acceleration.

Question 16

Scalar

Answer 16

A scalar is a physical quantity that has only a

magnitude. This includes mass, length, time, temperature, volume, and density.

Question 17

Vector

Answer 17

A vector is a physical quantity that has both a

magnitude and a direction. This includes position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, momentum, and force.

Question 18

How to find Mass

Answer 18

Solid: Measure mass using a balance
Liquid: Final/Total Mass - Mass of Empty Container

Question 19

How to find Volume

Answer 19

Regular Solid: Length x Breadth x Height
Irregular Solid: Final/Total Volume - Volume of Liquid
Liquid: Measure volume using a graduated cylinder

Question 20

How to find Density

Answer 20

Mass/Volume

Question 21

Measurement

Answer 21

To find a number that shows the amount of something.

Question 22

Unit

Answer 22

A standard quantity used to express a physical quantity.

Question 23

States of Matter

Answer 23

States of matter are the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid and gas.

Question 24

Change of State

Answer 24

Change of State is change of a substance from one physical state to another.

Question 25

Solid

Answer 25

Solid is a state of matter that has its own fixed shape, and its particles are regular and vibrate in its fixed shape.

Question 26

Liquid

Answer 26

Liquid is a state of matter that doesn't have its own shape, and its particles are irregular and can slide past each other.

Question 27

Gas

Answer 27

Gas is a state of matter that doesn't have its own shape, and its particles are irregular and can move freely in all directions.

Question 28

Thermal Expansion

Answer 28

Thermal expansion is when something gets bigger when it's heated.

Question 29

Thermal Contraction

Answer 29

Thermal Contraction is when something gets smaller when it's cooled.

Question 30

Relationship between Temperature and Kinetic Energy

Answer 30

The temperature of a substance is a measure of | the average kinetic energy of the particles.

Question 31

Kinetic Model of Matter

Answer 31

The kinetic molecular theory of matter offers a description of the microscopic properties of atoms (or molecules) and their interactions, leading to observable macroscopic properties (such as pressure, volume, temperature).

Question 32

Particle Theory of Matter

Answer 32

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles. 2. The particles have spaces between them 3. The particles of matter are always moving (attracted each other). 4. Adding heat (energy) to matter makes the particles move faster.

Question 33

Brownian Motion

Answer 33

Brownian Motion is when particles in both liquids and gases (collectively called fluids) move randomly.