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grade 10 science > physics quiz 1 (3.1-3.8) > Flashcards

physics quiz 1 (3.1-3.8) Flashcards

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1
Q

define incandescence light

A
  • light is produced as result of high temperature
  • electrical energy passes from socket—>metal (filament) which turns into heat energy and is released as light
  • not energy efficient
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2
Q

initial source of energy of incandescent light

A

electrical energy

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3
Q

define electrical discharge

A
  • light is produced by passing electric current through gas
  • electricity makes the gas glow
  • as atoms gain and lose energy, light energy is released
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4
Q

initial source of electric discharge

A

electrical energy

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5
Q

define phosphorescence

A
  • light produced by UV light absorption which emits over time (ex. glow in the dark items)
  • non-luminous objects that become luminous near luminous sources
  • light from luminous source is absorbed by phosphor atoms, light energy slowly converted into chemical energy, stored, converted into radiant energy
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6
Q

initial source of phosphorescence light

A

radiant (light energy)

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7
Q

define fluorescence

A
  • immediately emits visible light after UV light absorption
  • electrical energy from wall passes through mercury vapor, mercury vapour atoms absorb electrical energy, turns into UV radiation
  • UV radiation strikes fluorescent coating on inside of lightbulb, light emitted
  • contains mercury
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8
Q

initial source of fluorescent light

A

electrical energy

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9
Q

define chemiluminescence

A
  • light is result of chemical reaction w/ little to no heat (ex. glow sticks)
  • when some chemicals mix, chemical energy from molecules before the reaction convert into light
  • no electrical current needed
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10
Q

initial source of chemiluminescence

A

chemical energy

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11
Q

define bioluminescence

A
  • chemical reactions in living organisms producing light (with no heat)
  • occurs when 2 chemicals made by an organism mix together (jellyfish, firefly)
  • used by organisms that live in dark locations
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12
Q

initial source of bioluminescence

A

chemical energy

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13
Q

define triboluminescence

A
  • light is product of scratching/crushing rubbing crystals to create friction and light
  • created when chemical bonds in crystals are broken
    -some crystals store a lot of chemical energy, when crystal is broken, chemical energy turns into light energy and released
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14
Q

initial source of triboluminescence

A

chemical energy

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15
Q

define light-emitting diode (LED)

A
  • electrical current flows through semi conductors to produce light
  • when electric current flows in allowed direction, light is emitted
  • les heat, more energy efficient
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16
Q

initial source of light-emitting diode (LED)

A

electrical energy

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17
Q

define laser

A

LASER- light amplification by simulated emission of radiation
- lasers produce electromagnetic waves of the same energy level in the same direction
- pure in colour, concentrated, high intensity
- never look into a laser beam

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18
Q

initial source of laser light

A

electrical energy

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19
Q

define nuclear light (power plants)

A
  • unstable nucleus (ex. uranium) breaks apart and nuclear energy turns into light (called nuclear fission)
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20
Q

initial source of nuclear light (power plants)

A

nuclear energy

21
Q

define nuclear light (the sun)

A

-hydrogen atoms in sun fuse together to create helium (called nuclear FUSION)
- nuclear energy in hydrogen atoms are released as light (product of chemical reaction)

22
Q

initial source of nuclear light (the sun)

A

nuclear energy

23
Q

what is light

A

form of energy visible to humans which travels in form of waves

24
Q

what is a wave

A

a disturbance that transfer energy from one point to another

25
Q

what is the crest

A

highest point of a wave

26
Q

what is the trough

A

lowest point of a wave

27
Q

define frequency (f)

A

number of times the electromagnetic fields vibrate per second

28
Q

define wave length

A
  • distance between crest to crest, or trough to trough
  • length of a complete vibration
29
Q

the more energy, the ______ frequent the waves and ______ the wavelength

A

more, shorter

30
Q

the less energy, the ______ frequent the waves and ______ the wavelength

A

less, longer

31
Q

what is the electromagnetic spectrum

A

range of all possible forms of electromagnetic radiation

32
Q

what is the visible spectrum

A

part of electromagnetic spectrum visible to human eye

33
Q

how do colours of the rainbow and wavelength relate?

A

red = longest wavelength (lowest energy)
purple = shortest wavelength (highest energy)

34
Q

define reflection

A

when light hits surface and bounces off

35
Q

define refraction

A

when light enters second medium (material) and bends because of a change in speed

36
Q

define diffraction

A

light hits edge of object and bends around it

37
Q

why is light brighter the closer it is your face?

A
  • more light rays enter the eye
38
Q

rules of light and matter

A
  • light travels in straight lines unless it hits something
  • when light hits an object, it can be transmitted, absorbed, or reflected depending on object
39
Q

what object transmits all light

A

transparent

40
Q

what object transmits some light

A

translucent

41
Q

what object transmits no light

A

opaque

42
Q

how do we see objects?

A

light reflects off them

43
Q

what is a regular reflection?

A

when parallel light rays strike a smooth surface and reflect in the same direction
- image can be seen
(ex. mirror, glass, calm water)

44
Q

what is a diffuse redirection?

A

parallel light rays strike a rough surfs r and reflect light in different directions
- cannot see an image (ex. rough water, desk, shirt)

45
Q

how are concave mirrors used in flashlights

A
  • focuses light onto one point
  • helps produce parallel beam of light at light bounces off concave mirror
46
Q

how are concave mirrors used in telescopes

A
  • to collect light from a distant object and focus it
  • as light hits concave mirror at parallel angle, light reflects off onto angled mirror and goes into eyepiece
47
Q

how are concave mirrors used in cosmetic mirrors?

A
  • produces an enlarged virtual image
  • object must be inside focal point for it to work (close to mirror)
48
Q

how are concave mirrors used in solar ovens?

A
  • parallel rays of light are converged to one point to cook food
  • all light concentrates at focal point (where food must be placed)
49
Q

how are convex mirrors used in security mirrors?

A
  • to see a larger region with a smaller camera area

grade 10 science (6 decks)

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