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Physics 1 > Physics Principles 15% Pt 2 > Flashcards

Physics Principles 15% Pt 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

How is density related to impedance?
HIGHER DENSITY = _______ IMPEDANCE

A

Higher impedance!

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2
Q

Axial resolution equation= 1/2 ()

A

Axial resolution = 1/2 (SPL)

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3
Q

What media has the highest propagation speed?

A

BONE= highest propagation speed

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4
Q

Increasing the transducer frequency on a multi hertz, transducer will improve _____ resolution in the near and far Field

A

Axial resolution

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5
Q

Decreasing the number of cycles in a pulse will improve what resolution? (Short pulses)

A

Axial resolution

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6
Q

Which of the following imaging parameters (resolution) is responsible for the ability to resolve to separate cysts that are side-by-side in the liver?

A

Lateral resolution

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7
Q

________ resolution is the minimum reflector separation required to produce separate echoes

A

Spatial resolution

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8
Q

DB= _____ of two sound intensity

A

Ratio

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9
Q

What phenomenon is described as the conversion of pressure waves into an electrical voltage?

A

Piezoelectric effect

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10
Q

Cycles are added to a pulse, which of the following types of resolution is degraded?

A

Axial

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11
Q

Increasing the PRF improves _______ resolution

A

PRF 👍😊= temporal 👍

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12
Q

There is a 100% reflection on the beam strikes in interphase at _______ angle

A

Critical angle= 100% reflection

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13
Q

Frequency could be detected by the human ear? ______Hz

A

2000 Hz

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14
Q

Which type of image resolution is negatively affected by the placement of multiple focal zones at the area of interest?

A

Temporal

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15
Q

Preferred levels of axial and lateral resolution will demonstrate/ _____ numerical value

A

Low

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16
Q

60% transmission, what percent is reflected to the transducer? (Incident equation)

Incident beam (100%) equals reflected beam plus transmitted beam

A

40

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17
Q

Transmit delay/receive focusing improves ______ resolution

A

LATERAL RESOLUTION hey

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18
Q

Increasing line density increases

A

Spatial resolution

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19
Q

Specular reflection of the greatest ________, ______, _______

A

Amplitude, intensity, frequency

20
Q

Amplitude, doubles, intensity :

A

Increases by 4!

21
Q

Impedance is defined as the _____ of particle pressure to particle velocity at a given point

A

Ratio

22
Q

What system Parimeter is defined as the ability to differentiate to separate objects on the image?

A

Resolution

23
Q

TGC necessary due to?

A

Attenuation, scatter, reflection

24
Q

If the reflector dimensions are less than the wave length of the pulse what occurs?

A

RAYLEIGH SCATTERING

25
Q

Speed of sound is primarily, depending on the______ in which the sound travels

A

SPEED= median

26
Q

How do you determine the lateral resolution for unfocused, single element transducer?

A

1/2 element diameter

27
Q

During refraction, angle of transmission increases, meaning speed ______ than before

A

Speed

28
Q

Increasing scanline density leads to improved _______ resolution

A

SPATIAL

29
Q

Reflection
The greater the difference in ______ rate of the two media, the greater amount of reflection

A

Attenuation rate

30
Q

Amplitude increases by 1/2, intensity, decreases by

A

amplitude = 1/2
Intensity= 1/4

31
Q

Angle at which total reflection occurs is called the

A

Critical angle

32
Q

Diffuse reflection= occurs when the beam strikes a ______ rough surface

A

Large Rough

33
Q

Put an order from lowest to highest according to their impedance
Air, blood, bones, liver

A

Lowest equals air
Blood
Liver
Bone

34
Q

If the incident beam angle is 25°, what is the angle of reflection?

A

25

35
Q

The sonographer can improve AXIAL resolution by _____ frequency, transducer

A

Higher frequency transducer

36
Q

When the beam is absorbed by the medium, energy is lost in the form of

A

Heat

37
Q

As the sound travels through soft tissue, what happens to the period of the wave?

A

Remains constant 

38
Q

Lateral resolution is best at what location in the beam?

A

Focal zone

39
Q

As the frequency of a wave, doubles, the wave length

A

Halved

40
Q

Curved PE elements and acoustic lenses will improve which two types of resolution?

A

Elevation and lateral

41
Q

Huygen’s principle : describes the formation of the sound being by ______ sound source along the path of the beam

A

MULTIPLE

42
Q

Which of the pulse is produced from a 7MHz transducer would have the best lateral and axial resolution?

A

2mm diameter = lateral
3 pulses= axial

43
Q

M-mode = HIGHEST _______ resolution

A

M-mode= TEMPORAL

44
Q

Reflection = ________
Rhymes

A

Redirection

45
Q

Spatial pulse length= 4mm
Axial resolution?

A

1/2 (4)= 2

46
Q

You are scanning the transducer that maintains a 2 scan lines per sector degree. Changes 45 to 90° sector angle.
Degrades ______ resolution
More scan lines = worse

A

Temporal resolution

Physics 1 (5 decks)

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