Definitions Flashcards
SOUND: All waves carry ______ from one location to another
Energy
Acoustic propagation properties
the effects of the _____ upon the sound wave
MEDIUM
Compressions: areas of _______ pressure/density
Rarefactions: areas of _______ pressure/density
Compressions= INCREASED
Rarefactions= DECREASED
Sound= __________, longitudinal wave
MECHANICAL
Sound travels in a _______ line
STRAIGHT
List the 3 Acoustic variables
PRESSURE, DENSITY, DISTANCE
Transverse wave= particles move in a ___________ direction
Longitudinal wave= Particles move ____and _______ in the ______ direction
Perpendicular= transverse
Back & forth, Same direction= longitudinal
Acoustic parameters= describe the _______ of a particular sound wave
Features
Period= the time required to complete a ______ cycle
Single
UNCHANGED
Frequency= number of certain _____ that occur in a particular time duration
-UNCHANGED
Events
Audible sound is between __ Hz to 20,000 Hz yes heard
Ultrasound= greater than
Infrasound = less than 20 Hz; frequency too low
20
List the 3 bigness parameters (can be changed)
Power, Amplitude, Intensity
PAI
Amplitude= the difference between the average value and the ________ value of the acoustic variable
DB
Maximum value
Power= the _____ work is performed. Rate of energy transfer.
-Watts
-Sound source
-decreases as sound travels
-changed
Power is proportional to the waves amplitude squared
Rate
When the amplitude is tripled, the power is increased by the factor of _____
3x3=
9
When the amplitude is halved, power is decreased by a factor of _____
4 ; quartered !
When the amplitude is doubled, power is increased by a factor of
4; quadrupled
2x2=4
Intensity= the __________ of energy in a sound beam.
Beams power divided by area
INTENSITY= Power/Beam Area
Watts/cm2
Changed
Intensity is a key parameter for _____
Intensity is NOT UNIFORM across a sound beam
Concentration
Bioeffects
Wavelength= _______ or distance of a single cycle.
-mm
-BOTH MEDIUM/SOURCE
-UNCHANGED
0.1-0.8
WAVELENGTH= SPEED/FREQUENCY
L=C/F
LENGTH
Higher frequency= ________ wavelength
Lower frequency = ________ wavelength
Higher= Shorter
Lower= Longer
Speed= rate that sound travels through medium
-mm/us
-MEDIUM ONLY
-UNCHANGED
1,540
Sound = slow medium= ____ wavelength
Sound = fast medium= ________ wavelength
Slow= short
Fast = long
Gas is _______
Solid is ______
Gas = slower
Solid= faster
Air 330 =
Slowest
Bone= 2,000-40000
Fastest