physics practical 2023/08/11

Question 1

what is the relationship between current and potential difference across a conductor’s ends?

Answer 1

ohms law
current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (voltage) applied across its ends, provided the temperature and other physical conditions remain constant.Mathematically, Ohm’s Law can be expressed as:

I= V/R
​
In simpler terms, as the potential difference (voltage) across a conductor increases, the current flowing through it also increases, assuming the resistance remains constant.

Question 2

why would you have negative deflection on a circuit?

Answer 2

Negative deflection in ammeter/voltmeter indicates reversed polarity. Polarity affects readings.

Question 3

how to plot the graph

Answer 3

Independent variable: Current (x-axis), Dependent variable: Voltage (y-axis). A graph passing through origin signifies direct proportionality.

Question 4

which one will be the independent variable

Answer 4

cureent (x axis )

Question 5

which one will be the dependent variable

Answer 5

voltage (y-axis)

Question 6

what does it mean when it cuts through the origin (what does it tell you?)

Answer 6

If a graph of voltage (V) plotted against current (I) for a conductor cuts through the origin (0, 0), it indicates that the relationship between voltage and current follows Ohm’s Law for that particular conductor. In other words, the conductor behaves as an ohmic conductor under the given conditions.

Question 7

state ohm’s law

Answer 7

Ohm’s Law states that the current (I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (V) applied across its ends, provided the temperature and physical conditions remain constant.

Question 8

Ohm’s Law Using Proportionality:

Answer 8

I ( directly proportional sign) V

Question 9

define resistance

Answer 9

Resistance is the opposition to current flow in a conductor. It’s defined as R = V/I.

Question 10

define an ohm

Answer 10

An “ohm” (symbol: Ω) is the unit of electrical resistance in the International System of Units (SI). It is used to measure the opposition that a conductor offers to the flow of electric current. One ohm is defined as the amount of resistance that will allow one ampere of current to flow when a potential difference of one volt is applied across it. In simpler terms, an ohm represents the resistance that reduces the flow of current in a circuit under a specific voltage.

Question 11

what is an ohmic conductor

Answer 11

An ohmic conductor maintains a linear relationship between voltage and current, following Ohm’s Law.

Question 12

current is the independent variable. what does that mean?

Answer 12

In the context of scientific experiments and analysis, when we refer to current as the independent variable, it means that changes in the current are intentionally controlled or manipulated by the experimenter. The independent variable is the factor that you purposefully vary to observe its effect on other variables in the experiment.

Question 13

explain the difference between an independent and dependent variable.

Answer 13

the independent variable is the one you change to observe its effects, while the dependent variable is the one you measure to understand how it changes due to the independent variable’s variations.

Question 14

what does the gradient tell us?

Answer 14

Gradient represents resistance. Steeper gradient implies higher resistance.

Question 15

Factors Affecting Resistance:

Answer 15

• length
• material
• temperature
• thickness of resistor

Question 16

if the graph doesn’t pass through the origin, what does this tell you?

Answer 16

Graph not passing through origin suggests non-linear behavior or a constant offset.

Question 17

Experimental Errors:

Answer 17

=Incorrect equipment calibration
=Faulty connections
=Inaccurate readings due to parallax
=Fluctuations in power supply