Physics of Oxygen

Question 1

Conversion

Answer 1

1 atm=

760 mmHg

1034 cm H2O

101. 3 kPa
102. 7 psi

Question 2

pressure

Answer 2

force applied per unit area

Question 3

Barometric pressure

Answer 3

pressure that is exerted by earth’s atmosphere

Question 4

partial pressure

Answer 4

In a mixed gas, each gas has a partial pressure it exerts

• pressure is the same as it is alone in the same chamber at the same temperature

Question 5

Dalton’s law

Answer 5

The sum of all partial pressure

Question 6

Sea level proportion of abundant gases in the atmosphere

Answer 6

79% N2, 21% O2, 0.03% CO2

Question 7

Critical Temperature

Answer 7

Max temperature a vapour can revert back to liquid by increasing pressure

Question 8

Ideal Alveolar Gas Equation

Answer 8

PAO2= (PB-47)FiO2- (PaCO2/0.8)
PAO2= alveolar O2 tension
PB= barometric pressure 
47= water vapour tension
FiO2: fraction of inspired O2
PaCO2: arterial CO2 tension

Question 9

Volume coversions

Answer 9

1L= 10cm^3
1m^3= 1000L
1L= 1000mL

Question 10

Kinetic energy

Answer 10

• available energy to do work

- energy an object possesses while it is in motion

Question 11

Evaporation/ Factors that increase rate of evaporation/ Forces to overcome

Answer 11

• evaporation can occur any T above freezing point
  Factors:
• Increase in kinetic energy
• Increase in surface area of the liquid
• Decrease in pressure above or around the liquid

Forces to overcome:

• attraction of the molecules for each other
• pressure of the gas above the liquid

Question 12

Condensation

Answer 12

Gas to liquid

Question 13

Critical Pressure

Answer 13

The pressure required for a sustance to maintain EQ at critical temperature.
Rate of evaporation and condensation is the same

Question 14

Boyle’s Law

Answer 14

Constant T; P is inversely proportional to V

V1P1=V2P2

Question 15

Charles’s Law

Answer 15

V increases with T at constant P

V1/T1=V2/T2

Question 16

Gay-Lusac’s Law/ Amonton’s Law

Answer 16

Constant V; the pressure gas exerts rises as the temperature of the gas rises
P1/T1=P2/T2

Question 17

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 17

PV=nRT==> (P1V1)/T1=(P2V2)/T2

- assuming moles are constant

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

Question 19

Graham’s law

Answer 19

When two gases at the same temperature and pressure will diffuse at a rate inversely proportional to the square root of ther masses
Rate1/Rate2= (M2M1)^(1/2)

Question 20

Henry’s Law/ Solubility coeffiecients

Answer 20

amount of gas that can dissolve is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas of the liquid

in plasma at 37C

• 0.023mL O2/mL of blood /760mmHg PpO2
• 0.510 mL CO2/mL of blood /760 mHg PpCO2

Question 21

Fick’s Law

Answer 21

proportional to SA, pressure gradient
inversely proportional to thickness of the membrane
V = Area* Diffusion constant (P1-P2) /Thickness

Question 22

laminar

Answer 22

flow in discrete layers or streamlines

occurs in smooth uniform tubes

Question 23

turbulent

Answer 23

chaotic movement

Question 24

Transitional flow

Answer 24

mix of laminar and turbulent

Question 25

Poiseuille’s Law

Answer 25

gas flow is dependent of pressure pushing of fluid through tube and resistance.

Question 26

Resistance

Answer 26

R= (8nl)/(PiR^4)
n= viscosity
l= length of tube
r= radius of tube

Question 27

Poiseuille’s formula

Answer 27

(dP)= Q*R ==> R=dP/Q
R= resistance
Q= flow
units cmH2O/L/s

can be writen as: Q=dPr^4pi/8ln

Question 28

Bernouilli’s Principle

Answer 28

increased in the speed simultaneously with a decrease in pressure

Question 29

Venturi Effect

Answer 29

reduction in pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section of pipe

Question 30

Coanda effect

Answer 30

a jet flow attaches itself to a nearby surface and remains attached even when the surface curves away from the initial jet direction

Question 31

Factors that increase flow

Answer 31

• increase in pressure
• increase in radius
• shorter length of tube
• decrease in viscosity of fluid