Physics Nov Exam Terms Flashcards
What are components of vectors
Vectors that together have the same effect as the original vector
Define normal force
The force exerted by a surface on an object in contact with it
Define net force
The combined effect of all the forces acting on an object
Define weight
The gravitational attraction that pulls it toward the Earth
Define friction
The force that opposes the motion of an object in contact with a surface
Define static friction
The frictional force when an object is tending still on a surface
Define kinetic friction
The frictional force when an object moves or slides over a surface
State Newtons 1st law of motion
An object continues at a state of rest or uniform velocity unless it is acted on by an unbalanced net force
State Newtons 2nd law of motion
When a non-zero (unbalanced) net force acts upon an object it will accelerate in the direction of the net force. The acceleration is directly proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object
State Newtons 3rd law of motion
When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A
State Newtons universal law of gravitation
Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the squared distance between their centers
State Coulombs law
The electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the squared distance between them
State the law of conservation of charge
Charges cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be transferred from one object to another. The net charge of an isolated system remains constant
Define conservative of charge
Every charge in the universe is an integer multiple of the charge of one electron
Define electric field
A region of space in which an electric charge experiences a force
What are electric field lines
A way of representing an electric field, they indicate direction
Define electric field strength
The force per unit charge experienced by a charge placed at a point
Define the right hand rule
If the thumb is in the direction of the current, the curled fingers will be in the direction of the magnetic field around the conductor
What is a solenoid
A coil of many loops of wire that are wound to look like a cylinder
State Faradays law of induction
An emf is induced in a conductor when the magnetic field surrounding it changes. The size of the induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of charge and magnetic flux linkage
Define magnetic flux
The product of the component of magnetic flux density perpendicular to the loop and the area of the loop
State Lenz’s law
The induced current flows in a direction so as to set up a magnetic field to oppose the charge in magnetic flux
State Ohms law
The potential difference across a conductor/resistor is directly proportional to the current though it, if temperature remains constant
Define power
The rate at which electrics, energy is converted to other forms of energy in an electrical circuit
