Physics (Motion) Flashcards
Distance
Length between two points. Unit is meters (m).
Speed
Distance travelled divided by the time taken (m/s).
Time
How long it takes to do something (s).
Distance Time Graph
Graph drawn using time on x axis and distance on y axis. The slope gives the speed.
Magnets
Pieces of metal that attract other substances
Magnetic Materials
Materials magnet attract. For example iron, steel, cobalt and nickel, as well as other magnets.
Alloy
A mixture of two metals. Steel contains iron and cobalt.
Poles
Magnetic force of attraction is strongest at both ends of a magnet. North and South Pole. Like poles repel each other, unlike poles attract each other.
Current Electricity
The steady flow of charge through wires and circuits.
Static Electricity
When two objects come into contact, electrons can transfer between them. When this happens, both objects become charged with static electricity.
Charged Particles
Particles that have gained or lost electrons.
Conductors
A substance that allows energy, such as heat or electricity, to pass through easily.
Insulators
A substance that does not allow energy, such as heat or electricity, to through it easily.
Negative
Electrons have a negative charge. If an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged.
Positive
An object that has lost electrons takes on a positive charge.
Components
The objects in an electrical circuit e.g. bulb, speaker.
Circuit diagram
A drawing using symbols to represent how a circuit is set up
Current
The rate of flow of charge per second. Symbol is (I). Measured using an ammeter.
Ammeter
Equipment used to measure current (I).
Potential Difference
When there is a point of high electrical energy and a point of low electrical energy in a circuit, there is a difference in electrical potential energy between these points. It is called potential difference.
Voltage
Another word for potential difference. Measured in Volts (V) using a voltmeter.
Resistance
A measure of how difficult it is for an electric current to pass through a substance.Unit is the Ohm. Measured using an ohmmeter.
Scalar
A measurement that has size (magnitude) only. They do not have direction associated with them. E.g. distance, speed, time.
Vector
A quantity that has magnitude and direction associated with them. e.g. displacement, velocity.
Displacement
Is the distance an object travels in a certain direction e.g 50 meters north.
Velocity
Is the speed of an object in a given direction. E.g 10 m/s south.
Acceleration
When speed changes over time, it is called acceleration.
Acceleration = change in speed time taken
Unit = m/s/s or metre per second squared
Acceleration = Change in velocity time taken
