Biology

Question 1

Ovaries

Answer 1

Store and release eggs

Question 2

Fallopian tubes

Answer 2

It carries the egg to the uterus, fertilization occurs here

Question 3

Uterus

Answer 3

The (womb) is where the fertilized egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

Question 4

Cervix

Answer 4

The cervix leads from the vagina to the uterus

Question 5

Vagina

Answer 5

The vagina holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

Question 6

Ovulation

Answer 6

An egg is released from the ovary an average of every 28 days

Question 7

Menstruation/Period

Answer 7

The uterus becomes thicker and richer in blood vessels to be ready to receive the egg. If it’s not fertilized by a sperm the thicken uterus breaks away and a small amount of blood passes out through the vagina

Question 8

Fertile period

Answer 8

These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant
Intercourse 2 or 3 days before, during or after ovulation could lead to fertilization because sperm cells can survive for this long

Question 9

Pause to menstrual cycle

Answer 9

If an egg is fertilized, the menstrual cycle is paused for the duration of pregnancy. The first sign of pregnancy is often that menstruation does not happen.

Question 10

Menopause

Answer 10

Signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40’s to early 50’s.

Question 11

Testes

Answer 11

Produces Sperm

Question 12

Scrotum

Answer 12

Is where the testes are, it’s located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm.

Question 13

Epididymis

Answer 13

Is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

Question 14

Vas deferens

Answer 14

Sperm duct

Question 15

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

Answer 15

Produces seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen, it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim.

Question 16

Penis

Answer 16

It enters female and ejaculates semen

Question 17

Puberty

Answer 17

Puberty describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature (reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages of 10 and 16.

Question 18

Male puberty

Answer 18

In males, sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen, hair grows around the sex organs, face, chest and underarms, the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm

Question 19

Female puberty

Answer 19

In females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop, hips widen, and hair begins to grow on the body.

Question 20

Fertilization

Answer 20

If an egg is present in the Fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual intercourse, then one of the sperm cells fuse with it
The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together to form a fertilized egg
The woman is now pregnant

Question 21

Embryo

Answer 21

The fertilized egg then divides a number of times and the tiny group of cells moves down the Fallopian tubes to the uterus
This group of cells settles into the lining of the uterus and continues to divide to form an embryo

Question 22

Zygote - Embryo - Fetus

Answer 22

Egg and sperm fuse to form a single 
-Zygote
Cell division occurs and growth
-Embryo, which attaches to the lining  of the uterus (implantation) grows more, and after 8 weeks looks like a human 
-Fetus

Question 23

Pregnancy

Answer 23

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid
This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

Question 24

Umbilical cord

Answer 24

A tube called the umbilical cord joins the embryo to the placenta

Question 25

Placenta

Answer 25

The placenta is rich in blood vessels It is here at the placenta that food and oxygen from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s blood Also wastes such as carbon dioxide pass from the baby’s blood into the mothers

Question 26

Birth

Answer 26

The birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract The is called labour The bad of amniotic fluid bursts “waters break” and further contractions push the baby our usually head first, through the vagina The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta (afterbirth) comes out after

Question 27

Lactation

Answer 27

The mother may choose to breastfeed the infant The production of breast milk is called lactation The first three days of milk is called colostrum-very nutritious, and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 28

Family planning

Answer 28

Natural methods of contraception aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid inter course during the fertile period

Question 29

Contraception

Answer 29

Artificial methods of contraception prevent the sperm and egg meeting An example of this is a condom which prevents sperm entering the vagina Another example is the contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation It is important to realize no method is 100% reliable

Question 30

Inherited characteristics

Answer 30

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents. The instructions for these inherited characteristics were carried in the two cells that made you the egg and sperm

Question 31

Chromosomes and genes

Answer 31

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called

Question 32

Chromosomes

Answer 32

Chromosomes are made of protein + DNA | These chromosomes carry genes

Question 33

Genes

Answer 33

Genes are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

Question 34

DNA

Answer 34

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 35

Taxonomy

Answer 35

It’s the science of classifying organisms

Question 36

Classification

Answer 36

It’s the placing of organisms into groups, based on similar characteristics.This simplifies the study of organisms and allow scientists to communicate with each other. The basic unit of classification is the species.

Question 37

Species

Answer 37

It’s a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. (Liger = sterile offspring of a male lion and a female tiger) (A mule is the sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)

Question 38

Natural selection

Answer 38

Natural selection is the process by which the members of a species who are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 39

Variation

Answer 39

Variation means the differences in characteristics between members of the same species.

Question 40

Variation caused by environment

Answer 40

(where and how we live). Our body fat is caused by how much we eat and how much exercise we do, and any hormonal factors affecting our body

Question 41

Natural selection

Answer 41

Natural selection is the process by which the members of a species who are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce.

Question 42

Peppered

Answer 42

Example of natural selection: peppered moth. Lighter moths survive in less polluted areas, darker ones survive in the cities. The genes for light or dark wings are passed on more often depending, on where they live.