Physics Midterm Flashcards
the study of the matter and movement of God’s physical creation
science
a tentative explanation to describe an observation
hypothesis
means a scientist will obtain consistent results if he performs the same experiment multiple times
repeatability
the ability of other scientists to reach the same conclusion by performing the same experiment under different conditions
reproducibility
factor that is observed or measured to determine the results of an experiment
dependent variable
a factor that is the same in all groups
controlled variable
the group on which a test is performed
experimental group
the group in which the independent variable is absent
control group
a statement that shows how something works
scientific law
a statement or equation that shows why something works
theory
list the four limitations of science
- the scope of science
- approximations
- assumptions
- bias
list the two main reasons why we should study science
- to glorify God
- to benefit mankind
the study of reasoning
logic
a statement of fact
proposition
if inference logically follows from the premises, it is considered to be what?
valid
errors in reasoning
fallacy
the fallacy of trying to make an inference based on the fact that the antecedent is false
denying the antecedent
the fallacy of trying to make an inference based on the fact that the consequent is true
affirming the consequent
the fallacy in which the conclusion does logically follow from its premises; but one of the premises includes the assumption that the premise is true
circular reasoning
the fallacy when someone assumes that a change in one factor caused a change in another factor, just because the second change occurred after the first
post hoc
what do the words “post hoc” come from?
post hoc, ergo prompter hoc
the fallacy that occurs when someone attacks the person making the argument instead of challenging the person’s facts
ad hominem fallacy
the fallacy in which an argument is based on the support of someone considered an authority instead of being based on facts and sound reason
argument from authority
the use of science to solve practical problems
technology
the fallacy that occurs when a term is misleadingly used with two different meanings
equivocation
the model of design used for testing
prototype
anything with inertia
matter
the property of matter that resists changes in motion
inertia
the study of the nonliving creation other than the earth and space
physical science
the amount of space matter takes up
volume
the amount of gravitational pull on an object
weight
the amount of inertia/matter an object has
mass
the state of matter that exists only in high temperatures
plasma
the study of interactions between matter and energy
physics
the study of the composition and interactions of matter
chemistry
the language of science
mathematics
the most important part of an equation
the equal sign
the closeness of a measurement to the quantity’s actual value
accuracy
how closely several measurements match each other
precision
for measured data to be meaningful, it must include ____.
units
the measurement system with meticulously defined standards for all units
SI system of units
the coldest possible temperature
absolute zero
formula for density
p=m/V
[density (rho) = mass/Volume]
