physics idk Flashcards
equation for total charge?
total charge = current x time
what is current and when does it flow
a flow of electrical charge than only flows if there is a source of potential difference
what is an ammeter
measures current. must always be placed in series with the component you are investigating
what is a voltmeter
measures the potential difference. must be placed in parallel with the component you are investigating
what happens when a component is removed in series
the circuit is broken
for a series:
potential difference?
current?
resistance?
potential difference is shared
current is the same everywhere
resistance adds up
for a parallel:
potential difference?
current?
resistor?
potential difference is the same everywhere
current is shared
adding a resistor reduces the total resistance
what are vectors and scalars
vectors have magnitude and direction
scalars have magnitude and no direction
what is weight
force acting on an object due to gravity
weight = mass x gravitational field strength
elastic potential equation
Ee = 0.5 x ke(2)
pressure in a solid?
pressure = force/area of surface
difference between distance and displacement
distance is scalar, displacement is a vector
difference between speed and velocity?
speed is scalar, velocity is a vector
acceleration equation
acceleration = change in velocity / time
what is terminal velocity
when an object falls through a fluid, it’s speed increases as the friction builds. eventually the frictional force is equal to the accelerating force
newton’s 1st law?
a force is needed to change motion
newton’s second law? (equation)
resultant force = mass x acceleration
newtons 3rd law?
every action has an equal and opposite reaction
transverse waves?
osciallate perpendicular to direction of energy transfer, includes all EM waves
longitudinal waves?
oscillate parallel to direction of energy transfer. includes sound waves
wave speed equation?
wave speed = frequency x wavelength
rule for all reflected waves
angle of incidence = angle of reflection
what is refraction
when a wave changes direction upon meeting a denser surface
what is the EM spectrum
radio - micro - infrared - visible light - UV - x-rays - gamma rays
use of radio waves
communications due to long wavelengths
uses of micro waves
satellites and ovens as they pass easily through water
uses of infrared
IR cameras detect it as it is given out by all living objects
uses of visible light
fibre optic cables carry data over long distances using it, as light rays are reflected
uses for ultraviolet
fluorescent lights emit uv radiation, which is re absorbed and emitted as visible light
uses for x-rays and gamma rays
x-rays are used in medicine as they pass easily through flesh but not bone
both can be used in high dosage to kill cancer cells
