Physics Chapter 9: Light and Optics Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanical waves travel fastest in

A

Solids (because of dense particle arrangement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Electromagnetic waves (light) travels fastest in

A

A vacuum (because there’s no medium to interact with)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
A

Single slit diffraction. A and theta are inversely proportional. If the aperture width A decreases (becomes smaller), the angle θ for the minima increases (the diffraction pattern spreads out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Double slit diffraction maxima

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Double slit diffraction minima

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

For humans, the clearest vision results when i

A

Is equal to the distance between the lens and the fovea. So i of 20mm will result in clear vision (distance between the lens and the fovea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If an object is placed on the focal point what happens?

A

No image is formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Refractive index equation and how does this affect the speed of different colors?

A

n = c/v

This formula gives the refractive index by comparing the velocity of light through a substance with the velocity of light. Blue light refracts the most and therefore would have a higher n

Red light refracts the least and therefore has the lowest n

If c is constant

This means red light travels faster than blue light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Converging (concave) mirrors produce

A

A real image that is inverted (upside down) if the object is outside the focal point.

A virtual image that is upright if the object is inside the focal point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Diverging mirror (convex) produces

A

A virtual image that is always upright and reduced in size, regardless of the object’s distance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Converging lens (convex lens) produces

A

A real image that is inverted if the object is outside the focal point.

A virtual image that is upright if the object is inside the focal point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diverging lens (concave lens) produces what kind of image

A

A virtual image that is always upright and reduced in size, regardless of the object’s distance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Real images formed by, location, orientation, sign of i and type of MIRROR

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Virtual images formed by, location, orientation, sign of i and type of MIRROR

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thin lens equation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Magnification equation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tracing ray diagrams

A

1) draw one ray parallel to the normal as it approaches the mirror (from top of object)
2) draw one ray from top of object to the “ground”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do real/virtual images differ for mirrors vs lenses

A

Real images for mirrors = in front of mirror
Real images for lenses = behind lens

real images are where the light actually goes

19
Q

Visible light range

A

400 - 750nm

20
Q

Red light wavelength

21
Q

violet light wavelength

22
Q

electric and magnetic components are both perpendicular to propagtion direction and to each other

23
Q

Can EM waves be polarized?

24
Q

direction of electric and magnetic fields rotates steadily over time. Can be either righhanded (clockwise) or lefthanded (ccw)

A

Circular polarization

25
Q

Energy of a wave

A

E =hf = hc/ λ

26
Q

Snell’s law

A

use for refraction

27
Q

Total internal reflections happens when

A

the angle of the refracted ray reaches 90. Only occurs when moving into a medium with a smaller index of refraction (or when light is speeding up as it moves into a the new medium)

28
Q

critical angle

A

When light isnt refracted, it’s reflected internally

29
Q

Diffraction

A

when waves move through a barrier with a small opening they spread out

30
Q

Pattern for single slit diffraction

A

one massive intensity peak

31
Q

double slit diffraction

A

more evenly spaced minima and maxima

32
Q

Power of a lens in diopters

A

P = 1/f, where f = focal point

33
Q

Nearsighted is also called and corrected by what kind of lens

A

Can’t see far, also called myopia, lense refracts light too much, forming image in front of the retina.

corrected by diverging lens

34
Q

farsighted is also called and corrected by what kind of lens

A

hyperopia, lens doesn’t bend light enough and forms image behind retina. can see far but not near

use converging lens

35
Q

when is i positive for mirrors AND lens?

A

for REAL IMAGES (both mirrors and lens)

36
Q

when is i negative for mirrors and lens?

A

for VIRTUAL (both mirrors and lens)

37
Q

Focal length is +/- for Concave Mirrors?

38
Q

Focal length is +/- for convex mirrors?

39
Q

Focal length is +/- for concave lenses?

40
Q

Focal length is +/- for convex lenses?

41
Q

Definition of focal point

A

f = r/2. (-) for diverging lens and (+) converging lens

42
Q

Difference between UV and ultrasound

A

UV = EMR, ultrasound is mechanical waves

43
Q
A

A) because absorbed NEEDS to be less than the radiated to follow conservation of energy