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Stem407 > Physics 2 > Flashcards

Physics 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Equipotential surface

A

region in space where points in the electric field have equal potential, represented by lines surrounding the point charge

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2
Q

Electric potential energy

A

potential energy due to a moving charge changing displacement within a projected electric field provided by a rest charge

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3
Q

Electric Potential

A

a.k.a. voltage, electric potential energy per unit charge, which arose due to the location of a charge within the electric field

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4
Q

Capacitor

A

aka. a condenser, is an electric component that stores electrical energy within an electric field, found between its plates set in a parallel fashion

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5
Q

Capacitance

A

ability of a capacitor to store charge, which will change the voltage of a body by one (1) unit

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6
Q

Dielectrics

A

insulating material inserted between a capacitor’s parallel plates, which increases capacitance without compromising the capacitor’s separation distance

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7
Q

Equivalent capacitance

A

total capacitance within sets of given capacitors, representing the capacitance of all capacitors within a circuit

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8
Q

Series Circuit

A

connected devices in the system is in a single fashion, sharing charge values

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9
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

connected devices in the system is independent from each
other, sharing voltage values

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10
Q

The Philippine Electrical Code (RA 7920)

A

a. Provision act for practice, licensure, and regulation of electrical engineers and electricians
b. Used nationally as basis for electrical safety for people, buildings, and contents.

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11
Q

Electrical Safety Device

A
  1. Shuttered Sockets
  2. Fuse
  3. Circuit Breaker
  4. Ground Fault circuit interrupter
  5. Equipotential earth point/stud
  6. Three-pronged plug
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12
Q

Shuttered Sockets

A

sockets fitted with internal protective shutters, making it difficult for children to poke things inside it

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13
Q

Fuse

A

protects the circuit from excessive current by melting if the current is high enough, opening the circuit, and stopping the current flow

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14
Q

Circuit breaker

A

protects the circuit from current overload; functions similarly to fuses, but does not get destroyed, making this a long-term safety device

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15
Q

Ground fault circuit interrupter

A

designed to detect a tiny mismatch in currents to prevent electrocution; mandatory in bathrooms, kitchens, or anywhere else in the house where water may come in contact with an electric circuit

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16
Q

Equipotential earthing point/stud

A

device installed alongside to plug sockets to the equipotential earthing system, which ensures all equipment is grounded at the same low potential

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17
Q

Three-pronged plug

A

a plug with a round prong that serves as the ground outlet for the device, which connects to the ground wire of the building

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18
Q

Electrical Safety Procedures

A

a. Check extension cord/wiring.
b. Inspect power tools.
c. Replace damaged insulated tools.
d. Don’t alter electrical plugs.
e. Keep extension cords inside.
f. Use outlet covers.

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19
Q

Physiological effects of electric shock

A

A. Electrolysis
B. Burns
C. Burns
D. Ventricular Fibrillation

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20
Q

Electrolysis

A

polarized ions that causes ulceration on the affected

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21
Q

Burns

A

low-to-high powered voltages that can cause minor to serious injuries

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22
Q

Muscle Cramps

A

uncontrollable muscular twitching due to electrical overstimulation

23
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation

A

same as muscle cramps, but affects the heart

24
Q

Electric Current

A

Amount of charge in conductor per unit time; unit is Ampere

25
Q

Direct Current

A

current has both constant voltage and direction, primarily used in battery-operated devices

26
Q

Alternating current

A

current direction and magnitude changes in between two extreme
values, periodically reverses direction, and used in daily living

27
Q

Conventional
Electron

A

Kinds of electron flow

28
Q

Conventional flow

A

current flows from positive terminal of the source towards the negative

29
Q

Electron Flow

A

current flowing in opposite from the conventional, flowing from the
negative terminal of the source towards the positive

30
Q

Current density

A

Amount of current per unit of area; unit is A/m^2

31
Q

Drift velocity

A

Net motion of charged particles in groups; unit is m/s

32
Q

Ressistance

A

Property of a material to resist current; unit is Ohm (5) = 1 V /A

33
Q

Conductance

A

inverse of resistance, which is the property of the material to
conduct electric current; unit is siemens (S) = 1/52

34
Q

Conductance

A

inverse of resistance, which is the property of the material to
conduct electric current; unit is siemens (S) = 1/Ω

35
Q

Resistivity

A

Measure of a material’s electrical resistance

36
Q

Conductivity

A

inverse of resistivity, which is the measure of a material’s conductance

37
Q

Ohms Law

A

law developed by Georg Simon Ohm which states that current is proportional to voltage, inversed with resistance

38
Q

I-V curve

A

a.k.a. the current-voltage characteristic curve, it is a graph that shows the relationship between current and resistance, for determining the basic parameters of a device in a circuit

39
Q

Ohmic device

A

a device that demonstrates Ohm’s law, with constant resistance

40
Q

Non-ohmic device

A

a device that does not show Ohm’s law, or an Ohmic device with its maximum limit exceeded

41
Q

Electrical energy

A

Converted stored energy

42
Q

Power

A

rate at which energy is transferred

43
Q

Electromotive force

A
  • work done by the voltage source to the circuit
  • always constant; the “cause” of a voltage’s occurrence
44
Q

Internal resistance

A

resistance of a power source

45
Q

Terminal potential difference

A

Output voltage of a source, when internal resistance is considered

46
Q

Electrical Hazard

A

condition concerning man and electrical equipment, which results to injuries and/or death

47
Q

Electric Shock

A

Physiological injury caused by passing electric current

48
Q

Electrocution

A

death due to electric shock

49
Q

Kirchhoff’s rules (current law)

A
  • At any junction in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into the junction is equal to the sum of the currents flowing out
  • all incoming currents must be equal upon leaving that junction
  • Σ in = Σ out
50
Q

Kirchhoff’s rules (voltage law)

A
  • The sum of voltages encountered in a complete traversal of any
    loop of a circuit (or mesh) is zero
51
Q

a. If traced loop follows current flow, then V = - IR
b. If traced loop counters current flow, then V = IR

A

Resistance rule

52
Q

a. If traced loop follows EMF flow, then ε = ε
b. If traced loop counters EMF flow, then ε = - ε

A

EMF rule

53
Q

Rc circuit

A

a circuit with a resistor and a capacitor, which filters signals

Stem407 (13 decks)

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