Physics 2 Flashcards
Equipotential surface
region in space where points in the electric field have equal potential, represented by lines surrounding the point charge
Electric potential energy
potential energy due to a moving charge changing displacement within a projected electric field provided by a rest charge
Electric Potential
a.k.a. voltage, electric potential energy per unit charge, which arose due to the location of a charge within the electric field
Capacitor
aka. a condenser, is an electric component that stores electrical energy within an electric field, found between its plates set in a parallel fashion
Capacitance
ability of a capacitor to store charge, which will change the voltage of a body by one (1) unit
Dielectrics
insulating material inserted between a capacitor’s parallel plates, which increases capacitance without compromising the capacitor’s separation distance
Equivalent capacitance
total capacitance within sets of given capacitors, representing the capacitance of all capacitors within a circuit
Series Circuit
connected devices in the system is in a single fashion, sharing charge values
Parallel Circuit
connected devices in the system is independent from each
other, sharing voltage values
The Philippine Electrical Code (RA 7920)
a. Provision act for practice, licensure, and regulation of electrical engineers and electricians
b. Used nationally as basis for electrical safety for people, buildings, and contents.
Electrical Safety Device
- Shuttered Sockets
- Fuse
- Circuit Breaker
- Ground Fault circuit interrupter
- Equipotential earth point/stud
- Three-pronged plug
Shuttered Sockets
sockets fitted with internal protective shutters, making it difficult for children to poke things inside it
Fuse
protects the circuit from excessive current by melting if the current is high enough, opening the circuit, and stopping the current flow
Circuit breaker
protects the circuit from current overload; functions similarly to fuses, but does not get destroyed, making this a long-term safety device
Ground fault circuit interrupter
designed to detect a tiny mismatch in currents to prevent electrocution; mandatory in bathrooms, kitchens, or anywhere else in the house where water may come in contact with an electric circuit
Equipotential earthing point/stud
device installed alongside to plug sockets to the equipotential earthing system, which ensures all equipment is grounded at the same low potential
Three-pronged plug
a plug with a round prong that serves as the ground outlet for the device, which connects to the ground wire of the building
Electrical Safety Procedures
a. Check extension cord/wiring.
b. Inspect power tools.
c. Replace damaged insulated tools.
d. Don’t alter electrical plugs.
e. Keep extension cords inside.
f. Use outlet covers.
Physiological effects of electric shock
A. Electrolysis
B. Burns
C. Burns
D. Ventricular Fibrillation
Electrolysis
polarized ions that causes ulceration on the affected
Burns
low-to-high powered voltages that can cause minor to serious injuries
Muscle Cramps
uncontrollable muscular twitching due to electrical overstimulation
Ventricular Fibrillation
same as muscle cramps, but affects the heart
Electric Current
Amount of charge in conductor per unit time; unit is Ampere
