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Yr 9 Stuff By Berry And Seal > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

.

A

.

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2
Q

What is the nearest artificial satellite visible without a telescope?

A

The International Space Station (ISS).

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3
Q

How long does it take for light from the Moon to reach Earth?

A

Just over a second.

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4
Q

Name the planets that can be seen with the naked eye.

A
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Mars
  • Jupiter
  • Saturn
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5
Q

What is a galaxy?

A

A collection of stars held together by gravity.

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6
Q

What is the nearest large galaxy to us?

A

Andromeda.

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7
Q

How long does it take light to travel from the Sun to the Earth?

A

About 8 minutes.

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8
Q

What is a light year?

A

The distance that light travels in one year.

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9
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

About 300,000 km/s.

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10
Q

Why do astronomers use light years instead of kilometers?

A

Because distances in space are so large.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Our Sun is just one ______ that has planets around it.

A

star.

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12
Q

How long does it take light from our next nearest star to reach Earth?

A

4 years.

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13
Q

What is an exoplanet?

A

A planet that orbits a star other than the Sun.

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14
Q

What is the time it takes light from Andromeda to reach Earth?

A

2 million years.

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15
Q

.

A

.

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16
Q

What do astronomers use to learn about the night sky?

A

Observations and models.

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17
Q

How long does it take light to travel from Saturn to Earth?

A

About 1.5 hours.

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18
Q

What is the Milky Way?

A

A galaxy that contains billions of stars, including our Solar System.

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19
Q

True or False: The planets in our Solar System orbit the Earth.

A

False.

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20
Q

What is the significance of light-time in astronomy?

A

It is a measure of distance, not time.

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21
Q

What is the total number of planets in the Solar System?

A

8

The Solar System contains four inner planets and four outer planets.

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22
Q

List the inner planets of the Solar System.

A
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Earth
  • Mars
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23
Q

What type of planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars classified as?

A

Terrestrial planets

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24
Q

What is the atmospheric condition of Mercury?

A

Does not have an atmosphere

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25
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.
26
What atmospheric gas is primarily found on Venus?
Carbon dioxide
27
What is the effect of Venus's atmosphere on temperature?
Traps radiation from the Sun, making it very hot
28
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29
.
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30
List the outer planets of the Solar System.
* Jupiter * Saturn * Uranus * Neptune
31
What are the outer planets also known as?
Gas giants
32
What is the main composition of gas giants?
Gases such as hydrogen and helium
33
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34
What is the name of the band of dust and rocks between Jupiter and Mars?
Asteroid belt
35
In what year was Pluto reclassified as a dwarf planet?
2006
36
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.
37
What causes planets and moons to be visible from Earth?
They reflect light from the Sun
38
Fill in the blank: The word 'planet' comes from the Greek for _______.
wander
39
What is the approximate time it takes for light to travel from the Sun to Earth?
8.3 light minutes
40
What happens to light from the Sun when it hits a planet?
It is reflected
41
True or False: All planets in the Solar System have the same temperature range.
False
42
Describe the link between distance from the Sun and temperature of the planets.
Generally, the further a planet is from the Sun, the lower its temperature.
43
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45
What causes day and night on Earth?
The Earth's rotation on its axis ## Footnote The Earth takes 24 hours to complete one full spin, resulting in day and night.
46
In which direction does the Sun rise?
East
47
How long does it take for the Earth to orbit the Sun?
365.2422 days ## Footnote An extra day is added in a leap year every four years.
48
What is the tilt of the Earth's axis?
23.4°
49
Why is it hotter in summer than in winter?
The tilt of the Earth's axis causes the Sun's rays to spread over a smaller area, and days are longer.
50
What phenomenon occurs at the North Pole during summer?
The Sun does not set (Land of the Midnight Sun) ## Footnote This phenomenon occurs due to the tilt of the Earth's axis.
51
What happens at the South Pole during winter?
The Sun does not rise (polar night) ## Footnote This is similar to the phenomenon at the North Pole.
52
What changes occur throughout the year regarding the Sun's height?
The height of the Sun at noon, average daily temperature, and visible stars change ## Footnote These changes are a result of Earth's orbit around the Sun.
53
Fill in the blank: The groups of stars visible at night change with the _______.
Seasons
54
What is the relationship between the Earth's orbit and leap years?
Every four years, an extra day is added to account for excess seconds in the Earth's orbit ## Footnote It takes 21,600 seconds longer to orbit the Sun than just the 365 days.
55
What is the difference in shadow lengths at noon between summer in the equator and summer in the UK?
Shorter at the equator due to the Sun being higher in the sky
56
True or False: The Sun moves around the Earth.
False ## Footnote It is the Earth that moves around the Sun, not vice versa.
57
What is the average duration of a month?
Approximately 30.44 days
58
The Sun's light is spread out over a _______ area in winter.
Bigger
59
What are the four seasons experienced in the northern hemisphere?
* Spring * Summer * Autumn * Winter
60
How do shadows behave at different times of the day?
Longer in the morning and evening, shorter at noon ## Footnote This is due to the Sun's position in the sky.
61
What are the phases of the Moon?
* New Moon * Crescent Moon * First Quarter * Gibbous Moon * Full Moon * Third Quarter * Crescent Moon
62
How long does it take for the Moon to orbit the Earth?
27 days and 7 hours
63
What is the geocentric model?
A model where the Earth is at the center of the Universe and the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars move around it.
64
What is the heliocentric model?
A model where the Sun is at the center of the solar system and the planets, including Earth, orbit around it.
65
What percentage of the Moon's surface is lit during a new moon?
0% - the side facing Earth is in shadow
66
What phenomenon occurs when there are two full moons in one calendar month?
A blue moon
67
Who was the scientist that improved the understanding of the solar system with a telescope?
Galileo
68
What did Galileo observe about Venus?
Venus has phases, similar to the Moon
69
Why did the geocentric model struggle to explain planetary motion?
Planets sometimes appeared to go backwards
70
Fill in the blank: You see a ______ moon when the Sun lights up the whole of the side that you can see.
full
71
Fill in the blank: When the side of the Moon that you can see is in shadow you see a ______ moon.
new
72
True or False: The ground appears to move according to the geocentric model.
False
73
What did early models of the Universe lack?
Scientific evidence
74
What was one reason some people found it difficult to believe in the heliocentric model?
The ground did not seem to move
75
What is a fantastic fact about Galileo's remains?
One of his fingers is displayed in a museum in Florence, Italy.

Yr 9 Stuff By Berry And Seal (4 decks)

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