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Science Cutie > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

It is the product of the mass of an object and its velocity

A

Momentum

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2
Q

The product of the force and the time during which the force acts on the body

A

Impulse

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3
Q

It is a force that tends to produce rotation about an axis

A

Torque

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4
Q

It causes the object to be accelerated towards the circle’s centet

A

Centripetal force

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5
Q

Formula for speed and velocity

A

Speed: d/t
Velocity: đ/t

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6
Q

Formula for ave acceleration

A

ā = change in velocity/ time of travel

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7
Q

3 Laws of Motion and explain

A
  1. Law of Inertia: A body will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force
  2. Law of Acceleration: greater mass = more force
  3. Law of Interaction: for every force, theres an equal and opposite reaction
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8
Q

_____ done on an object is equal to the product of the magnitude of the force exerted on the ibject and the displacement that the object moves while the force is being exerted

A

Work

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9
Q

Formula for work

A

W= Fd

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10
Q

It is the capacity to do work

A

Energy

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11
Q

Kinetic vs Potential energy

A

Kinetic: the energy of motion

Potential: at rest/stored

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12
Q

Formula for Kimetic Energy

A

KE = ½ mv²

(v for velocity)

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13
Q

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy states?

A

Energy is conserved. It can neither be created nor destroyed

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14
Q

What is conduction

A
  • heat transfer in a solid
  • pass heat –one to another
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15
Q

What is Convection?(2)

A
  • heat transfwr in fluids
  • replacing the cold air with hot air
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16
Q

How does radiation occur?

A

In the absence of any medium. It can travel without the help of molecules of matter

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17
Q

The process of changing the substance from its solid phase to its liquid phase

A

Fusion

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18
Q

The process of changing a liquid to its vapor state

A

Vaporization

19
Q

A disturbance that travels through a medium

A

Wave

20
Q

Electromagnetic vs mechanical wave

A

Electromagnetic: does not require any medium

Mechanical: requires a medium

21
Q

The time it takes the wave to move from one crest to another

A

Period

22
Q

The number of cycles the wave completes in one second

A

Frequency

23
Q

The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a barrier that does not absorb the wave’s energy

A

Reflection

24
Q

The bending of light when it passes from one kind of material into another

A

Refraction

25
Q

Occur when 2 waves overlap

A

Interference

26
Q

The spreading of light waves as they pass through a small opening or around a boundary

A

Diffraction

27
Q

Describe sound (3)

A
  • longitudinal compression wave
  • can move through all kinds of matter
  • echo: result of the reflection of sound
28
Q

It refers to the change in the frequency of a sound due to the motion of either the source or the observer

A

Doppler Effect

29
Q

It is made up of photons, or tiny packets of energy

A

Light

30
Q

Which has the longest wavelength in EM spectrum?

A

Red and radio wave

31
Q

Which has the shortest wavelength

A

Gamma Ray and violet

32
Q

Which has the highest frequency/ energy

A

Gamma ray and violet

33
Q

Which has the lowest frequency/energy in the EM spectrum?

A

Radio waves, red

34
Q

The EM Spectrum from shortest to longest wavelength

A

Gamma Ray, X Ray, Ultraviolet, Visible Light, Infrared, microwave, radio wave

35
Q

Which EM wave causes suntan and is used in processing plants to destroy germs?

A

Ultraviolet

36
Q

It is caused by the flow of electrons between atoms

A

Electricity

37
Q

Conductors vs insulators and give examples

A

Conductors: allow electrons to move freely
(Eg. Copper, silver, aluminum)

Insulators: slow down the flow of electrons
(Eg. Air, rubber, plastic, wood, glass)

38
Q

It is the buildup of positive or negative charges on objects by accumulation or loss of electrons

A

Static electricity

39
Q

According to this law, the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor

A

Ohm’s Law

40
Q

Formula for Ohm’s Law

A

V = IR

41
Q

Describe a series circuit (2)

A
  • current is the same through each resistor
  • total resistance= add the resistance values
42
Q

Describe a parallel circuit

A

The voltage across each resistor in parallel is the same

43
Q

The rate at which work is done

A

Power

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