Physics Flashcards
It is the product of the mass of an object and its velocity
Momentum
The product of the force and the time during which the force acts on the body
Impulse
It is a force that tends to produce rotation about an axis
Torque
It causes the object to be accelerated towards the circle’s centet
Centripetal force
Formula for speed and velocity
Speed: d/t
Velocity: đ/t
Formula for ave acceleration
ā = change in velocity/ time of travel
3 Laws of Motion and explain
- Law of Inertia: A body will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force
- Law of Acceleration: greater mass = more force
- Law of Interaction: for every force, theres an equal and opposite reaction
_____ done on an object is equal to the product of the magnitude of the force exerted on the ibject and the displacement that the object moves while the force is being exerted
Work
Formula for work
W= Fd
It is the capacity to do work
Energy
Kinetic vs Potential energy
Kinetic: the energy of motion
Potential: at rest/stored
Formula for Kimetic Energy
KE = ½ mv²
(v for velocity)
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy states?
Energy is conserved. It can neither be created nor destroyed
What is conduction
- heat transfer in a solid
- pass heat –one to another
What is Convection?(2)
- heat transfwr in fluids
- replacing the cold air with hot air
How does radiation occur?
In the absence of any medium. It can travel without the help of molecules of matter
The process of changing the substance from its solid phase to its liquid phase
Fusion
The process of changing a liquid to its vapor state
Vaporization
A disturbance that travels through a medium
Wave
Electromagnetic vs mechanical wave
Electromagnetic: does not require any medium
Mechanical: requires a medium
The time it takes the wave to move from one crest to another
Period
The number of cycles the wave completes in one second
Frequency
The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a barrier that does not absorb the wave’s energy
Reflection
The bending of light when it passes from one kind of material into another
Refraction
Occur when 2 waves overlap
Interference
The spreading of light waves as they pass through a small opening or around a boundary
Diffraction
Describe sound (3)
- longitudinal compression wave
- can move through all kinds of matter
- echo: result of the reflection of sound
It refers to the change in the frequency of a sound due to the motion of either the source or the observer
Doppler Effect
It is made up of photons, or tiny packets of energy
Light
Which has the longest wavelength in EM spectrum?
Red and radio wave
Which has the shortest wavelength
Gamma Ray and violet
Which has the highest frequency/ energy
Gamma ray and violet
Which has the lowest frequency/energy in the EM spectrum?
Radio waves, red
The EM Spectrum from shortest to longest wavelength
Gamma Ray, X Ray, Ultraviolet, Visible Light, Infrared, microwave, radio wave
Which EM wave causes suntan and is used in processing plants to destroy germs?
Ultraviolet
It is caused by the flow of electrons between atoms
Electricity
Conductors vs insulators and give examples
Conductors: allow electrons to move freely
(Eg. Copper, silver, aluminum)
Insulators: slow down the flow of electrons
(Eg. Air, rubber, plastic, wood, glass)
It is the buildup of positive or negative charges on objects by accumulation or loss of electrons
Static electricity
According to this law, the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across the conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor
Ohm’s Law
Formula for Ohm’s Law
V = IR
Describe a series circuit (2)
- current is the same through each resistor
- total resistance= add the resistance values
Describe a parallel circuit
The voltage across each resistor in parallel is the same
The rate at which work is done
Power
