Gen Science Flashcards
2 ways to present data and differentitate this two
Tables: easy to read and organized presentation
graphs: patterns of data
3 types of graphs and define them
Line: 2 continuously changing variables
Bar: categories/ groups
Histogram: frequency
Accuracy vs precision
Accuracy: degree of closeness of measurements to its actual value
Precision: closeness of the measurements w each other
Differentiate solid, liquid, gas, and plasma from each other
Solid: resistance to change due to strong attraction of molecules
Liquid: does not resist change in shape because molecules are free to move
Gas: molecules are widely dispersed and free to move
Plasma: overall charge-neutral mix of electrons, ions, and neutral atoms
Thus is the temperature at which any given substance changes from solid to liquid
Melting/Freezing Point
The temperature at which it changes from liquid to gas and vice versa.
Boiling Point
It is also defined as the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure surrounding the liquid. Therefore, the boiling point depends on atmospheric pressure
Describe physical change and it’s types
- no Chem reaction
- substance does not lose its chem identity
- any alteration in the shape and size
Types: melting, evaporating, freezing
What type of change is sublimation?
Physical change. Sublimation is the change from solid to gas
What is chem change and give example
- the chem composition of each molecule changes
- new substances w new properties r produced
- ex: rust, burn
Define a machine (5)
Machines can do any of the ff:
1. Multiply force
2. Multiply speed/distance
3. Change the direction of the force
4. Transfer energy from one place to another
5. Transfer energy from one form to another
This type of machine only have one or parts each
Simple machine
Machines that use 2 or more simple machines are called?
Conpound/ complex machines
This type of simple machine help lift a heavy weight w less effort
Lever
This type of simple machine helps carry loads easily, long distances w less effort
Wheel and axle
This type of simple machine is a slope/ramp that makes easier to lift objects
Inclined plane
This type of simple machine is made of 2 inclined planes and used to push objects apart
Wedge
This type of simple machine is an inclined plane wrapped into spiral
Screw
This type of simple machine uses wheels and a rope to raise, lower, or move a load
Pulley
Formula for density. Which phase of matter has the highest density?
p= mass/ volume
Solid has higher density compared to liquid or gas because it’s particles are very close to another another
Climate vs weather
Climate: long term effect of the sun’s radiation
Weather: state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place
Elements of Weather
Measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air
Humidity
Elements of Weather
It is produced when the droplets and crystals in clouds grow large enough to fall
Precipitation
Elements of Weather
It is the horizontal movement of air
Wind
Elements of Weather
This forms when excess water vapor in the air condensed into liquid deposits/ice crystals
Clouds
It is odorless, tasteless, and colorless. It is also the universal solvent
Water
4 distinct stages of hydrologic cycle/ water cycle
Storage, evaporation, precipitation, and run-off
