Physics

Question 1

Waves

Answer 1

One of the ways energy may be transferred between stores. Wave can be described as oscillations or vibrations about a rest point e.g sound waves can cause air particles to vibrate back and forth. Ripples cause water particles to vibrate up and down.

Question 2

Longitudinal

Answer 2

The vibrations are parallel to the direction of wave travel

Question 3

Transverse

Answer 3

The vibrations are at right angles to the direction of wave travel

Question 4

Mechanical waves

Answer 4

Cause oscillations of particles in solid, liquid or gas and must have a medium to travel through

Question 5

Electromagnetic waves

Answer 5

Cause oscillations in electrical and magnetic fields

Question 6

Parts of a wave

Answer 6

Rest position, displacement, peak, trough, amplitude, wavelength, time period, frequency

Question 7

Rest position

Answer 7

The undisturbed position or particles when they are not vibrating

Question 8

Displacement

Answer 8

The distance that a certain point in the medium has moved from its rest position

Question 9

Peak

Answer 9

The highest point above the rest position

Question 10

Trough

Answer 10

The lowest point below the rest position

Question 11

Amplitude

Answer 11

The maximum displacement of a point of a wave from its rest position

Question 12

Wavelength

Answer 12

Distance covered by a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough

Question 13

Time period

Answer 13

The time taken for a full cycle of the wave, usually measured from peak to peak, or trough to trough

Question 14

Frequency

Answer 14

The number of of waves passing a point each second

Question 15

Wave speed equation

Answer 15

Wave speed= frequency x wavelength

Question 16

Heat

Answer 16

A form of energy which refers to to the transfer of thermal energy between two object or within a substance. It describes the transfer of energy and is often measured in joules

Question 17

Temperature

Answer 17

Refers to the measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance or object. It determines how hot or cold an objet is and is measured in degrees celcsius

Question 18

Conduction

Answer 18

The transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects or substances. When two regions meet the hotter region transfers some thermal energy to the cooler region making it warmer.

Question 19

Convection

Answer 19

Heat transfer that occurs in fluids (liquids and gases) due to the movement of the fluid itself. When a fluid is heated its particles gain energy and move faster, causing them to spread out and become less dense. The less dense, warmer fluid rises, while the cooler, denser fluid sinks. This creates a circular motion called convection currents.

Question 20

Radiation

Answer 20

The transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves. Radiation does not require a medium to transfer heat. Heat energy can be emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, and can travel through empty space.

Question 21

Conductor

Answer 21

A conductor relates to how well an object can transfer heat. Metal is a much better conductor than wood. Which means metal will heat up quicker and will reach a higher temperature than wood. This is because metal is more compact atomically, better at transferring heat.

Question 22

Insulators

Answer 22

An insulator relates to how well an object can resist heating up. Wood is a much better insulator than metal. Which means wood will resist temperature change longer than wood. This is because wood is less compact on the atomic level, better at resisting heat transfer.

Question 23

Conductor

Answer 23

Transfer heat easily, heat up quickly and reach higher temperatures. Metal is a better conductor than wood.

Question 24

Insulator

Answer 24

Slows the transfer of heat and takes a long time to change temperature. Wood is a better insulator than metal.

Question 25

Wave speed calculation

Answer 25

Wave speed (metre/second, m/s) = frequency (hertz, Hz) x wavelength (metre, m)