Physics Flashcards
Absolute humidity
Mass of water vapour present in a volume of gas at a given temperature (kg m-3)
Relative humidity
Ratio of water vapour present in the gas relative to the max amount of water vapour the gas could contain (%)
Absolute zero
Lowest possible T and all thermal motion stops = 0K and -273C
Ampere
Amount of electric charge passing a given point per unit time (1 coulomb per second)
Coulomb
Amount of charge passing a given point per second when 1A of current is flowing
Boiling point
Temperature at which vapour pressure of a liquid equals surrounding ambient pressure and the liquid changes to vapour
Calorie
Amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1g of water by 1C
1 calorie = 4.16J
Candela
Luminous intensity of light in a given direction of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540x10 to the 12 hertz and radiant intensity of 1/683 watts per second
Critical temperature
Temperature at which a gas cannot be liquefied by pressure alone
Freezing point
Temperate at which liquid and solid are in equilibrium at a given pressure
Force
Mass x acceleration
Change state of motion
1N is force required to accelerate 1kg at a rate of 1 m per second squared
Gas
Substance above critical T
Heat capacity
Amount of heat required to raise the T of an object by 1C
Hertz
1 cycle per second
Joule
Work done to an object when applying a force of 1N through a distance of 1m
Kelvin
1/273 of the thermodynamic scale temperature of the triple point of water
Kilogram
Piece of platinum alloy in Sevres
Kinetic energy
Energy a body processes because of motion
Latent heat
Energy released or absorbed by a substance when it changes phase at a given temperature
Latent heat of fusion
Amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of solid at its melting point into a liquid without an increase in temperature
Latent heat of vaporisation
Amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid at its boiling point into a vapour without an increase in temperature
Mass
Amount of matter contained in a body
Kg
Metre
Length of the path travelled by light in a vacuum during the time interval of 1/300,000,000 of a second
Mole
Quantity containing the same number of particles as there are atoms in 12g of carbon 12. 6.022x10 to 23
Momentum
Mass x velocity
Ohm
Resistance between two points of a conductor when a PD of 1 volt is applied to produce a current of 1amp
Pascal
1Pa = 1N over 1m3
pH
Negative logarithm to the base 10 of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
Potential energy
Energy of a body or a system to do work
Power
1J per second
Rate or doing work
Resistance
Property of a conductor to oppose flow
SVP
Pressure exerted by a vapour when in equilibrium with its liquid phase within a closed system at a given temperature
Second
Frequency of radiation emitted by caesium-133 in its ground state
Specific heat capacity
Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1C
Specific latent heat of vaporisation
Amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of liquid at its boiling point into a gas without an increase in temperature at a given pressure
Triple point of water
Temperate and pressure at which water exists as liquid, solid and gas
Vapour
Substance in the gas phase below its critical temperature
Volt
PD between two points of a conducting wire when 1 joule of work is done to move 1 coulomb between two points of the conducting wire
1 volt will push a current of 1amp through a resistance of 1 ohm
Weight
Gravitational force acting on an object
Mass x gravitational acceleration (9.81ms-2)
Critical temperature
Temperature above which a substance cannot be liquefied no matter how much pressure is applied
Critical pressue
Pressure required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature
Pseudo critical temperature
Mixture of gases in which individual gases may separate out in to constituents
Poynting effect
Gases dissolved with each other behave different than would be expected from their individual properties
Fluid
Substance capable of changing its shape when acted on by an external force
Density
Mass of a substance occupying a unit volume
Viscosity
Fluid property that causes it to resist flow