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grade 10 science > physics > Flashcards

physics Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the angle of incidence?

A

the angle between the incident ray and the normal

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2
Q

what is the angle of reflection/refraction?

A

the angle between the refracted/reflected ray and the normal

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3
Q

what is a concave mirror?

A

reflecting surface can be viewed as the inside polished surface of a hollow sphere *converging mirror

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4
Q

what is a convex mirror?

A

reflecting surface can be viewed as the outside polished surface of a hollow sphere *diverging mirror

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5
Q

what is luminescence?

A

production of light without heating

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6
Q

what is incandescence?

A

the production of light as a result of high temperature

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7
Q

what is a virtual image?

A

an upright image that makes it look like the light rays intersect, but they never cross paths

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8
Q

what is a real image?

A

where the light rays intersect, and where an image is past the focal point

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9
Q

what is bioluminescence?

A

the production of lights in living organisms

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10
Q

what is triboluminescence?

A

the production of lights by a scratching or crushing certain minerals

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11
Q

what is the critical angle?

A

the angle of incidence that produces a refracted angle of 90 degrees

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12
Q

name 7 types of electromagnetic waves and give examples.

A

radio waves (AM/FM radio), infrared light (keeps food warm), microwaves (microwave ovens), visible light (rainbows), ultraviolet (causes skin to burn/tan), x-rays (medical imaging), gamma ray (product of nuclear decay)

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13
Q

what is transparent?

A

a material that lets light pass through it (ex. glass)

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14
Q

what is translucent?

A

a material that allows some light pass through it (ex. frosted glass)

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15
Q

what is opaque?

A

a material that does not allow any light to pass through it (ex. wood)

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16
Q

how does light travel?

A

light travels as a wave in a straight line

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17
Q

what is refraction?

A

the bending or change in a direction of light when it travels from one medium into another

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18
Q

what are the properties of light? (4)

A

-light travels in straight lines
-light travels as a wave
-light travels at a very high speed
-doesn’t require a medium to travel

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19
Q

what is wavelength?

A

the horizontal distance between two consecutive troughs or crests

20
Q

what is the law of reflection? (2)

A

-the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
-the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal all line in the same plane

21
Q

what does SALT stand for?

A

s: size of image compared to the object
a: attitude (upright or inverted)
l: location (appear behind or in front of mirror)
t: type (real or virtual)

22
Q

what is the center of curvature?

A

the center of a curved reflecting surface

23
Q

what is an image?

A

a reproduction of an original object that is produced through the use of light

24
Q

what is phosphorescence?

A

production of light by absorbing UV light, which emits visible light over time

25
Q

what is fluorescence?

A

immediate emission of visible light due to absorption of UV light

26
Q

what is the behaviour of light?

A

when light can be absorbed, reflected or transmitted

27
Q

what is luminous?

A

an object that produces and projects its own light

28
Q

what is non-luminous?

A

does not produce own light but is visible because they reflect light

29
Q

what are fluorescence bulbs?

A

uses electricity and fluorescence. filled with mercury vapour, which releases UV lights. UV light strikes fluorescent inner surface resulting in light production

30
Q

what is chemiluminescence?

A

production of light by a chemical reaction

31
Q

what is reflection?

A

bouncing of light from any surface

32
Q

what is an incandescence light bulb?

A

contains thin tungsten, which glows as electricity passes through it. becomes so hot that if gives off visible light and infrared heat.

33
Q

what is electric discharge?

A

production of light by passing an electric current through gas

34
Q

what is specular reflection?

A

reflection of light off a smooth, shiny surface that produces an image

35
Q

diffuse reflection

A

reflection of light off an irregular or dull surface that does not reflect an image

36
Q

what is a light ray?

A

a line and arrow representing the direction and straight-line path of light

37
Q

what is the radius of curvature?

A

the distance from C (center of curvature) to any point on reflecting surface

38
Q

what is the vertex?

A

geometric center of a curved mirror

39
Q

what is the principal axis?

A

imaginary straight line passing through V (vertex) and C (center of curvature)

40
Q

what is the principal focus?

A

the point where incident parallel rays meet after they are reflected

41
Q

what are the rules of refraction? (4)

A

-the incident ray and the refracted ray are on the opposite sides of the line that separates two media
-light bends down toward the normal when the speed of light in the second medium is slower than the speed of light in the first medium
-light bends away from the normal when the speed of light in the second medium is greater than the speed of light in the first medium
-incident angle at 0 degrees, light travels straight through

42
Q

what is partial reflection and refraction?

A

when light enters a medium where the speed of light is less than the original, some of the light is reflected and some of the light is refracted

43
Q

what is the index of refraction?

A

the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a medium

44
Q

what is snell’s law?

A

describes how light bends when travelling from one medium to the next

45
Q

what is total internal reflection?

A

when the critical angle for the two substances is exceeded

46
Q

what are the conditions for total internal reflection? (2)

A

-light travels more slowly in the first medium
-the angle of incident is bigger than the critical angle

grade 10 science (4 decks)

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