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Science year 9 > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a battery

A

2 or more cells joined
together and supplies electrical
energy

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2
Q

What is a power supply

A

Supply’s power to the circuit

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3
Q

What is a Lamp

A

converts electrical energy
into light and thermal energy

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4
Q

What is a Motor

A

A transducer which converts
electrical energy to kinetic energy

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5
Q

What is an Ammeter

A

measures the current in
a circuit

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6
Q

What is a voltmeter

A

Measures the volts in a
circuit

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7
Q

What is a resistor/resistance

A

A resistor restricts the
flow of charge

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8
Q

What is a Variable resistor

A

Adjusts the value of current or voltage

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9
Q

What is a diode

A

A device which allows
current to flow in only one
direction

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10
Q

What is a switch

A

Device used for making and
breaking electric current through
the circuit

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11
Q

What is a wire

A

A pathway for electrons to travel

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12
Q

What is a series circuit

A

In a series circuit all the
components and power simply are
connected in just one loops and are generally easier to set up

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13
Q

What is a parallel circuit

A

In a parallel circuit the components
can be connected in a number of
different loops and can be turned on differently with a switch

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14
Q

What is current

A

Current is the rate of flow of
charge in a circuit

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15
Q

What is the unit of current

A

Amps

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16
Q

Where is an ammeter placed

A

Series circuit

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17
Q

resistance =

A

voltage/current

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18
Q

density =

A

mass/volume

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19
Q

what is density

A

Density is a measure of the amount of mass of a material in a particular volume.

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20
Q

what does the size of the material not depend on

A

density

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21
Q

if the volume is bigger what will also be

A

its mass will be bigger

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22
Q

pressure =

A

force/area

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23
Q

what can water pressure do

A

can act in all directions at once. Up, down, forwards and backwards etc

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24
Q

what is gas pressure

A

the force exerted by gaseous molecules as they collide with the walls of their container.

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25
Q

what would cause a boat to not move or sink

A

equal parts of upthrust and weight

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26
Q

what happens when a fluid is displaced

A

an upthrust is produced

27
Q

moment =

A

force × distance from the pivot

28
Q

what are the units for moments

A

Nm

29
Q

what are some units for density

A

kg/m3 or g/cm3

30
Q

what are some units for mass

A

kg or g

31
Q

what are some units for volume

A

m3 or cm3

32
Q

what is the unit for pressure

A

Pa

33
Q

how does pressure change due to the depth in liquids and gases

A

the greater the depth the higher the pressure it exerts.

34
Q

how does pressure change with altitude

A

As altitude rises, air pressure drops.

35
Q

what is the importance of density in determining if an object floats or sinks

A

If an object is more dense than water it will sink when placed in water, and if it is less dense than water it will float

36
Q

the connection between, weight, upthrust and density

A

An object with equal mass but a lower density occupies more volume so displaces more water

37
Q

what is a moment

A

A moment is the turning effect of a force

38
Q

Explain balancing in terms of moments

A

If an object is balanced, the total clockwise moment about a pivot is equal to the total anticlockwise moment about that pivot.

39
Q

what are some basic rules when drawing circuits

A

wires are drawn as straight lines
when wires change it is at 90 degrees
power supplies are drawn at the top
components such as bulbs are drawn at the bottom of the circuit

40
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

Ohms Ω

41
Q

what is a short circuit

A

A short circuit is a pathway with a very low resistance.

42
Q

voltage =

A

resistance x current

43
Q

current =

A

voltage/resistance

44
Q

Explain when and why a situation involving a solid is high or low pressure

A

in a solid the particles are closely packed together which mean they have a higher densty which means a higher pressure

45
Q

what is pressure

A

pressure is the force applied perpendicularly on a surface of an object

46
Q

what are the units for moments

A

Nm

47
Q

what is the equation for moments

A

moment=force x distance from pivot

48
Q

what is a moment

A

The moment is the size of the
turning effect of a force about a
pivot.

49
Q

what must be equal if an object is floating

A

weight and upthrust

50
Q

what is produced when a fluid is displaced

A

an upthrust

51
Q

will an object sink if it is dense

A

yes

52
Q

what measures energy?

A

voltmeter

53
Q

what is kinetic energy

A

energy an object has when moving

54
Q

what is elastic energy

A

when something is stretched

55
Q

what is chemical energy

A

energy stored in the bonds of chemicial compounds

56
Q

what is thermal energy

A

the energy contained within a system that is responsible for temperature

57
Q

what is magnetic energy

A

the mechanical work of the magnetic force

58
Q

what is gravitational energy

A

the energy stored in an object due to its hight above earth

59
Q

what is electrostatic energy

A

slow moving electric charges

60
Q

what is nuclear energy

A

the energy in the nucleus/core of atoms

61
Q

what are examples of fossil fuels

A

coal, oil and gas

62
Q

what are fossil fuels

A

substances that take millions of years to produce

63
Q

what are examples of renewable energy

A

biomass
waves
solar panel
hydroelectricity
solar cell
geothermal
tidal
wind

64
Q

what is renewable energy

A

renewable energy is energy from a
source that is not depleted (used
up) when used

Science year 9 (3 decks)

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