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Science > Physical Science Chapter 10 Study Guide > Flashcards

Physical Science Chapter 10 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

A push or pull

A

Force

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2
Q

How do you describe a force in a way that is similar to describing velocity and Acceleration

A

A force is described by its strength and direction

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3
Q

SI unit for all forces

A

Newton

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4
Q

The combo of all forces acting on an object

A

Net force

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5
Q

When 2 forces are in the same direction what do u do?

A

Add them together

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6
Q

When 2 forces are in different directions what do u do?

A

U subtract to find the net force

Goes direction that is bigger in problem

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7
Q

What are forces that r equal but in opposite directions?

A

Subtract them to get 0N net force. No arrow

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8
Q

Forces acting on an object resulting in a net force and cause a change in the objects motion

A

Unbalanced forces

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9
Q

Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions do not change the objects motion

A

Balanced forces

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10
Q

What two factors determine the strength of a friction force.

A

How hard the surfaces push together

The types of surfaces involved

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11
Q

Friction opposes motion. Give an example

A

Treads on a car tire:start moving:start moving

Tennis shoes have treads=help u walk better

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12
Q

Occurs when one solid surface slide over another

A

Slidling friction

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13
Q

Acts on objects that are not moving. In the opposite direction of the intended motion

A

Static friction

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14
Q

Occurs when one object rolls over a surface. Easier to overcome than sliding friction

A

Rolling friction

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15
Q

Occurs when a solid object moves through fluid. Easier to I overcome than sliding friction. Fluid used include oil water or air

A

Fluid friction

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16
Q

A force that pulls objects toward each other

A

Gravity

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17
Q

The force if gravity acts between all objects in the universe

A

Law of universal gravitation

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18
Q

What r the two factors that affect gravity

A

More mass=more gravity

Distance=as distance between two objects, gravity decreases

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19
Q

Amount of matter in an object

A

Mass

20
Q

Gravity in relation to mass

A

More massive objects exert more gravity

21
Q

Difference between mass and weight

A

Mass-(amount of matter) doesn’t vary with the strength of gravity
Weight-a measure of the amount of gravity acting on an object

22
Q

How does the astronauts weight and mass on earth compare to mass and weight on the moon

A

Mass stays the same in both places. since gravity is different weight is different

23
Q

The motion of a falling object when the only force acting on it is gravity

A

Freefall

24
Q

What causes an object in freefall to accelerate

A

The force of gravity is an unbalanced force which uses an object accelerate

25
Q

Near the surface of earth the acceleration due to gravity is.
This means that for every second an object is falling it’s velocity increases by 9.8 m/s

A

9.8 m/s

26
Q

The fluid friction of Upward force of air on the downward motion of an object

A

Air resistance

27
Q

When the force of air resistance upward equals the weight of the falling object (gravity force) the object stops doesn’t accelerate, falls at constant speed

A

Terminal velocity

28
Q

The motion of an object when thrown horizontally on earth

A

Projectile motion

29
Q

What is the shape of projectile motion

A

A curved path because a resistance and gravity are both acting simultaneously

30
Q

Claims that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object exerts a force on another object then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object

A

Newton’s first law

31
Q

Tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion

Also called newtons 1st law

A

Inertia

32
Q

How is mass related to inertia

A

The greater the mass the greater its inertia

33
Q

Acceleration: depends upon and objects mass and the net force acting on the object

A

Newtons 2nd law

34
Q

Acceleration is measured in

A

M/s2

35
Q

Mass is measured in

A

Kg

36
Q

Forces math formula is

A

Mass x acceleration

37
Q

Force is measured in

A

Newtons

38
Q

If one object exerts a force on another then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object
for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction force

A

Newtons third law

39
Q

How can action reaction forces not cancel each other out

A

When the forces act on different objects

40
Q

How can momentum be determined

A

The momentum of a moving object can be determined by multiplying the objects mass and velocity

41
Q

What is the correct unit for momentum

A

Kg x m/s

42
Q

The rule of fact in the absence of outside forces the total momentum of object that interact does not change
A common outside force is friction

A

Law of conservation of momentum

43
Q

How does a rocket lift off the ground

A

Gasses the rocket expels with a downward action force. The action force causes the rocket to lift upward with an equal reaction force. As long as this upper pushing force called thrust is greater than downward pull of gravity there is a net force in upward direction. As a result the rocket accelerates upward into space

44
Q

What is the satellite

A

Any object that orbit another object in space

45
Q

If force that causes an object to move in a circular path

A

Centripetal force

46
Q

What is the centripetal force of the satellite

A

The gravitational force pulls satellites towards the center of Earth

47
Q

Describe the path of a projectile motion

A

Curved path

The object moves forward while gravity pulls it downward

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