Chapter 13 Flashcards
The ability to do work and the ability to cause change
Energy
A force causes an object to move through distance
Work
What is the energy unit
Joules
The rate at which work is done
The rate at which energy is transferred
The amount of energy transferred in a unit of time
Power
What is the formula for power
Energy transferred divided by time
What is power in terms of energy
The rate of the transfer of energy is power
What are the two basic kinds of energy
Kinetic and potential
The energy that an object has due to its motion
Kinetic
What factors affect kinetic energy
The mass of the moving object and the velocity of a moving object
What is the kinetic energy formula
Kinetic energy=1/2 x mass x velocity2
Kinetic energy=0.5 x mass x velocity2
Which has a greater effect on an objects kinetic energy doubling its mass or doubling its velocity
Velocity has more of the effect because it is squared
Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
Potential energy
What is gravitational potential energy and it’s formula
The potential energy that is related to an objects height
GPE equals wait times height
GPE equals newtons times meters
GPE equals N-m or 1J
What is elastic potential energy and give examples
The potential energy associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed
And archer pulling back the arrow and releasing to it’s target
What is the unit of mass
Kg
What is the unit of height
M
What is the unit of distance
M
What is the unit of weight
N
What is the unit of work
J
What is the name of GPE
J
What is the unit of KE
J
The form of energy associated with the position of an object
Mechanical energy
What is mechanical energy’s formula
Potential energy plus kinetic energy equals ME
Name the forms of energy
Thermal energy electrical energy chemical energy nuclear energy electromagnetic energy
Also called heat potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Thermal energy
Give an example of thermal energy
Lava and melting ice cream
The energy of electric charges depending on whether the charges are moving or stored blank can be a form of kinetic energy or potential energy
Electrical energy
Give an example of electrical energy
Lightning
Potential energy stored in the chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together
Chemical energy
Give an example of chemical energy
Store in the fossil fuels oil coal etc. and the food you eat
When bonds in a chemical compounds break new chemical compounds may form
Stored in the nucleus of an atom released during a nuclear reaction
Nuclear energy
Give an example of nuclear energy
Nuclear fission occurs when a nucleus splits
Nuclear fusion combining of small nuclei hydrogen to produce a larger nucleus helium
Travels in waves has some electrical properties and some magnetic properties
Electromagnetic energy
Give examples of Electromagnetic energy
Radio microwaves infrared visible light ultraviolet x-rays gamma
The change of one form of energy into another
Energy transformations
How are different forms of energy related
Energy can change from one form to another
Energy transformation in juggling
From potential to Kinetic and from kinetic to potential
Energy transformation in a pendulum
From potential to kinetic and from kinetic to potential
Energy transformation and a pole vault
Kinetic energy to elastic potential energy to gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy
What is the law of conservation of energy
When one form of energy is transformed to another no energy is destroyed in the process energy cannot be created nor destroyed energy is conserved
What affect does friction have on the transfer of energy
Friction causes some of an objects kinetic energy to be transformed into thermal energy if the object is moving its mechanical energy is transformed into thermal energy
Einstein’s theory of the relationship between matter and energy
Matter can be transformed into energy
A small amount of matter is destroyed to release a huge amount of energy
Matter and energy together are conserved
E equals MC2
What are fossil fuels
Fuel a material that is composed of stored potential energy
Fuels formed from the decayed the bodies of plants and animals millions of years ago
Coal petroleum natural gas
What is the source of energy from fossil fuels
Sun
What type of energy is released when fossil fuels burn
Chemical energy (potential) stored millions of years ago
What is combustion
The process of burning fuel rapidly combined oxygen with the fuel
Chemical potential energy is transformed into thermal energy
