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C458: Health, Fitness, and Wellness > Physical Health > Flashcards

Physical Health Flashcards

1
Q

provide the rigid skeleton that constitutes the internal framework the body needs to stand

A

Bones

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2
Q

where two bones come together

A

Joint

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3
Q

tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of the bones

A

Cartilage

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4
Q

connective tissue that binds bone to bone

A

Ligament

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5
Q

connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

A

Tendon

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6
Q

moves all bones and controls facial expressions and eye movements

A

Striated Muscle (Skeletal Muscle)

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7
Q

lines the walls of the internal organs

A

Smooth Muscle (Visceral Muscle)

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8
Q

combination of both striated and smooth muscle

A

Cardiac Muscle

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9
Q

a state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly

A

homeostasis

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10
Q

nerves inside the brain and spinal cord that send signals to other parts of the body

A

Central Nervous System

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11
Q

All nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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12
Q

Carry blood away from heart to body tissues

A

Arteries

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13
Q

Carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart

A

Veins

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14
Q

glands located in the mouth that produce saliva

A

salivary glands

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15
Q

organ that metabolizes large nutrients, produces bile, and detoxify the body

A

liver

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16
Q

organ that stores bile that is used to digest fats

A

gallbladder

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17
Q

organ that secretes hormones that aid digestion and produces insulin

A

pancreas

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18
Q

bean-shaped organs located in abdominal cavity on either side of the spine that are responsible for producing urine

A

kidneys

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19
Q

a tube attached to kidneys through which urine passes from kidneys to bladder

A

ureter

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20
Q

organs that stores urine until full

A

bladder

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21
Q

a tube connected to the bladder through which urine expelled from the body

A

urethra

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22
Q

a triangular area in which the fetus develops during pregnancy

A

uterus

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23
Q

a set of lips that surrounds and protect the vagina

A

labia

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24
Q

a collapsible tube that connects uterus and cervix to the outside of the body

A

vagina

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25
Q

a small organ composed of erectile tissue, similar to the penis

A

clitoris

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26
Q

male organ that produces sperm

A

testicle

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27
Q

sac that encloses testes on the outside of the body

A

scrotum

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28
Q

gland that helps make semen

A

prostate

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29
Q

carries sperm up into the pelvic region

A

vas deferens

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30
Q

made of erectile tissue similar to the clitoris

A

penis

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31
Q

covers and protects parts of the body

A

integumentary system

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32
Q

produces, nourishes, and transports either the egg or the sperm

delete later

A

produces hormones to keep body in state of homeostatis

32
Q

defends body from and destroys foreign invaders that cause sickness

A

immune system

33
Q

one-celled germs that multiply quickly

A

bacteria

34
Q

tiny capsules that contain genetic material

A

viruses

35
Q

primitive plant-like organisms such as mushrooms, mold, mildew, and yeasts

A

fungi

36
Q

animals or plants that survive by living on or in other things

A

parasites

37
Q

are infections of the nose and throat caused by more than 200 different viruses

A

Common Cold

38
Q

caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and lungs

A

Influenza (Flu)

39
Q

The virus is spread through saliva, typically through contact with an infected person’s saliva during kissing, sharing utensils, or drinking from the same cup.

A

Mononucleosis (Mono)

40
Q

the inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

A

Meningitis

41
Q

is a bacterium that causes infections in the body. It is difficult to treat because it’s resistant to some commonly used antibiotics

A

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)

42
Q

Infection caused by a contagious virus called herpes simplex virus (HSV)

A

Cold Sores

43
Q

Tiny parasites that feed on blood from the human scalp; may live in clothing and bedding

A

Lice

44
Q

Infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus; Uncomfortable, itchy rash that turns into fluid-filled blisters and, eventually, into scabs

A

Chicken pox

45
Q

Blotchy, red rash that starts at the head and moves to whole body

A

Measles

46
Q

Bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder

A

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

47
Q

a virus, bacteria, fungus, or parasite people can get through sexual contact

A

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

48
Q

the inflammation in the liver generally caused by an infection

A

Hepatitis

49
Q

most common type of heart disease in the U.S and the first sign is a heart attack

A

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

50
Q

Also known as a mini-stroke, it occurs when part of the brain experiences a temporary lack of blood flow. Unlike other types of strokes, it does not cause permanent disabilities.

A

Transient Ischemic Attack

51
Q

When a blood vessel in the brain bursts

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

52
Q

When the blood supply to the brain is blocked

A

Ischemic Stroke

53
Q

process by which cancer cells spread to other parts of the body

A

metastasis

54
Q

chronic respiratory condition that intermittently inflames and narrows the airways in the lungs

A

Asthma

55
Q

This condition affects the brain and nervous system, causing violent muscle spasms and possible loss of consciousness. It is caused by anything that affects the brain circuit activity, such as head trauma

A

Epilepsy

56
Q

It is caused by either a lack of insulin or the body’s inability to use insulin efficiently

A

Type 2 diabetes

57
Q

does not make any insulin

A

type 1 diabetes

58
Q

This disease is caused by an overgrowth of abnormal cells. Risk factors include diet, obesity, exposure to sunlight and chemicals, and tobacco use or exposure

A

Cancer

59
Q

is the ability of the joints to move through their full range of motion

A

flexibility

60
Q

used in physical fitness that involves measuring the percentage of fat, muscle, water, and bone found in the human body

A

Body composition

61
Q

defined as the ability of a group of muscles to do something repeatedly without getting tired

A

muscular endurance

62
Q

the ability of a muscle group to perform a specific activity one time

A

muscular strength

63
Q

the ability of the heart and lungs to work together to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Activities include such things as running, swimming, and dancing

A

cardiorespiratory fitness

64
Q

the number of days that you engage in physical activity

A

Frequency

65
Q

the amount of workload (resistance) of the activity (how hard you exercise)

A

Intensity

66
Q

the duration of the activity measured in seconds, minutes, and hours. It may also be specified as the number of sets and repetitions

A

Time

67
Q

the type of activity in which you engage, such as swimming, walking, resistance training, or stretching

A

Type

68
Q

how to calculate maximum heart rate (MHR)

A

220-age = MHR

69
Q

percent MHR range for moderate intensity

A

50–70%

70
Q

percent MHR range for vigorous intensity

A

70-85%

71
Q

the automatic process the body uses to remain internally stable while adjusting to conditions

A

Homeostasis

72
Q

Internal 24-hour cycle that helps the body regulate activities, like sleep

A

circadian rhythm

73
Q

characterized by darting movements of the eyes under closed eyelids; Period when most dreaming occurs

A

rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

74
Q

Short period between wakefulness and sleep

A

Stage 1 sleep

75
Q

Deep, non-REM sleep that occurs in longer periods during the first half of the night

A

Stage 3 sleep

76
Q

Period of light sleep as the body prepares for deeper sleep

A

Stage 2 sleep

77
Q

Red bumps near a previous cut that are swollen, painful, warm to touch, and full of puss

A

MRSA

C458: Health, Fitness, and Wellness (2 decks)

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