Physical Geography Of BC

Question 1

Geomorphology ?

Answer 1

Study of processes that create physical landforms

Question 2

What  Variables created the BC physical landscape

Answer 2

Tectonic processes have resulted in movement of land masses, mountain building and volcanic activity and islands
Climatic changes led to ice age conditions and melting

Question 3

What are the three landforms

Answer 3

Mountains, plateaux, lowlands

Question 4

What shape the earth surface

Answer 4

Mountains, plateau, lowlands and also because of weathering

Question 5

Did Iceland split because of the movement of tectonic plates

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What breaks down rocks into smaller particles

Answer 6

Weathering (physical and chemical processes)

Question 7

What process transport smaller particles to areas where they are deposited and result in you learn from it being formed

Answer 7

Geomorphic processes (streams, ice & waves)

Question 8

The crust is a thin layer or shell that is composed of three basic rock types. What are the three basic rock types?

Answer 8

Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Question 9

What are some ways roc skin breakdown

Answer 9

Freezing & unfreezing, water, earthquake, landslide, fire, glaciers

Question 10

How are igneous rocks formed

Answer 10

They are formed by heating (melting) and cooling repetitively in the magma

Question 11

How are metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 11

Derived from igneous and sedimentary rocks and go under heat and pressure down from earth surface a lot of heat and pressure

Question 12

How are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 12

Weather erosion happens to igneous and metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and it turns into sediments and then they get compaction and cementation which turns into sedimentary

Question 13

Where can you see sedimentary rocks

Answer 13

In the ocean plus fossils and carbon

Question 14

Example of igneous rock

Answer 14

Basalt and granite

Question 15

Or else can you find any as rocks in BC

Answer 15

Stawamius Chief near Squamish tend to be granite rocks

Question 16

Where are igneous rocks produced

Answer 16

Produced in the upper regions of the mantle or in the lowest areas of the earths crust usually at a depth of 50 to 200 km

Question 17

What are extrusive rocks

Answer 17

They are igneous rocks that cool at or near the surface

Question 18

What are intrusive rocks

Answer 18

They are igneous rocks that cool tens or hundreds kilometres below the surface examples are many of our coastal mountains are plutonic rocks found in batholiths it’s like stwamius chief near Squamish

Question 19

Information about sedimentary rocks

Answer 19

Dry from weathering processes caused by water air and vegetation growth. Particles have been deposited in lakes or oceans and then overtime hardening through physical pressure and chemical bonding.

Layers or strata



Question 20

Examples of sedimentary rocks

Answer 20

Sandstone (quartz/sand), shale (clay), limestone (shells and skeletons of animals). Rocky Mountains are sandstone

Question 21

Information of metamorphic rocks

Answer 21

Originated from igneous or sedimentary rocks that have undergone tremendous physical pressure and high temperatures beneath the earth surface

Question 22

Where are they found

Answer 22

Coastal mountains with batholiths

Question 23

Example of metamorphic rocks

Answer 23

Slate, schist, gneiss, eclogite, marble, garnet amphibolite, jadeite, sphalerite ore rock

Question 24

What happens with tectonics

Answer 24

Magma makes its way to earth surface it splits the lithosphere apart, creating a rift zone (trailing edge of a plate)

Question 25

What happens after the rift zone

Answer 25

Rocks in the roof so cool, they contract and separate the tectonic plates causing collisions

Question 26

What happens when two plates collide

Answer 26

Edges me buckle and fracture forming mountain ranges this is known as orogeny

Question 27

What’s subduction

Answer 27

Occurs when one plate usually denser oceanic plate moves downward and underneath and enjoining plate. Plate subducts it warms up and it forms a trench and me melt. Magma is produced in a wraps to form platonic batholiths in the crust or even volcanos at the surface

Question 28

What ororgeny

Answer 28

Mountain building

Question 29

What’s Terrane

Answer 29

Block of rock/fragment

Question 30

What’s isostasy

Answer 30

Process of loading and unloading the earths surface with sediment and ice

Question 31

Example of isostasy in BC

Answer 31

Last ice age in North America. In BC there was 1500 to 2000 m of ice covering everything. The weight pushed all the landform downward several hundred meters. I begin to melt about 10,000 years ago the ocean levels rose and so did landforms. It’s known as isostatic rebound. It’s still happening

Question 32

What does weathering do

Answer 32

Breaks down rock overtime

Question 33

What’s mechanical weathering

Answer 33

Breakdown of rocks into smaller and smaller pieces

Question 34

How is mechanical weathering and weathering done

Answer 34

Freezing and thawing and natural biochemical processes

Question 35

What’s erosion

Answer 35

Movement of rock materials by gravity, water, wind and ice

Question 36

What does gravity do to rocks

Answer 36

Rockfalls, landslides, debris torrents, slumping etc.

Question 37

What does water do in regards to weathering and erosion

Answer 37

Turbulent streams and rivers carry particles downstream, carving into rocks and depositing rocks and sediments along stream beds, deltas of lakes

Question 38

What’s the major erosion process in BC

Answer 38

Glaciation

Question 39

What are two types of glaciation

Answer 39

Continental glaciation (massive ice sheets) & mountain glaciers

Question 40

What glacier covered most of BC years ago and then began melting

Answer 40

Continental glacier

Question 41

What’s a fjord

Answer 41

Deep rounded bottom, steep sided cavity adjacent to the ocean

Question 42

In BC what do we refer fjords to

Answer 42

Inlets, sounds, arms and canals

Question 43

What are erratics

Answer 43

Large rocks left out of nowhere ( ex white rock in white rock). Many were moved by glaciers.