physical geo

Question 1

3 types of rocks (descending in terms of durability)

Answer 1

Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary

Question 2

how is sedimentary rock made + examples

Answer 2

Small pieces of other rock and other sediments (like dead organisms) are compacted from pressure squeezing them together- usually from the ocean pressure

Eg: Limestone and Sandstone.

Question 3

how is igneous rock made + examples

Answer 3

made when magma or lava cools down to create rocks- when it cools slower more crystals are created

• will cool slower when magma because rock is closer to warmth
  eg: basalt and granite

Question 4

how is metamorphic rock made + examples

Answer 4

when sedimentary rocks or igneous rocks undergo extreme pressure and/or heat causing the rock to re-form

eg: marble (comes from limestone)

Question 5

Natural evidence of climate change

Answer 5

• Increased Earth surface-level temperatures

- glaciers and ice sheets have thinned up by 65% since 1975 in the Arctic ocean

Question 6

What cells does the earth have

Answer 6

Hadley
Ferrel
Arctic

Question 7

How has Malaysia tried to conserve their rainforests

Answer 7

• Educating the public about the value of rainforests.
• Use of alternative timber sources such as rubber trees was encouraged.
• The Selective Management System is a policy ensuring that trees are only cut down on a 40-year cycle to ensure that trees have time to re-establish themselves

Question 8

Why is the rainforest important

Answer 8

• provides jobs, as raw material, medicine and cash crops can be produced
• Maintains gas balance in the atmosphere through photosynthesis

Question 9

why do the economic cost of hazards vary

Answer 9

• different strenghts of hazards
• buildings may be more reinforced in some areas
• evacuation procedures

Question 10

Why do people live in areas prone to hazards

Answer 10

• some people cannot afford to move
• Some stay because they were raised there
• good jobs
• areas with volcanoes have large amounts of precious metals,

Question 11

what is intermediate technology

Answer 11

technology/ tools that are suitable for developing countries that are cheap and energy-efficient, used to get something

eg. wells

Question 12

what are deciduous rainforests.

1 example of a tree growing there

Answer 12

forests found between 40° and 60° north and south of the equator.

High rainfall (between 500-1500mm annually)

Oak is common there

Question 13

human effects on droughts

Answer 13

Agriculture – using large amounts of water to irrigate crops removes water from lakes, rivers and groundwater.

Deforestation – removing trees can reduce the amount of water stored in the soil as rain tends to fall and wash off the land as surface run-off. This leaves the ground vulnerable to erosion and desertification which can lead to drought.

Question 14

why droughts are bad

Answer 14

• Lack of clean water can lead to range of diseases
• Farmers can experience high crop or livestock losses and a reduction in the land’s value. Subsistence farmers may experience famine.
• With less moisture and rainfall, wildfires can become common, damaging crops, buildings and even causing death.
• Businesses and services which rely on clean water may be closed, eg hospitals and restaurants.
• Push factor for country