Physical Examination 19-3 Flashcards
What are the components of a male GU examination?
- penis
- testicles
- epididymis
- scrotum
- prostate gland
- seminal vesicles
What is the function of the penis?
- to excrete urine and introduce semen into the vagina
Describe the urethral orifice
- a slit like opening about 2mm ventral to the tip of glans
What covers the glans at birth?
- foreskin aka prepuce
What temperature is required in the scrotum for spermatogenesis to take place?
- temperatures lower than 37 degrees C
What is inside each scrotum?
- testis
- epididymis
- spermatic cord
- muscle layer
What produces spermatozoa and testosterone?
- testicles
What surrounds the urethra at the bladder neck?
- prostate gland
What produces the major volume of ejaculatory fluid?
- prostate
What enzyme is found in ejaculatory fluid that is responsible for liquifying coagulated semen?
- fibrinolysin
How much blood must the corpora cavernosa be engorged with for an erection to take place?
- 20 to 50 mL
What type of reflex is an erection?
- neurovascular reflex induced by psychogenic or local reflex mechanism
What is an orgasm?
- the emission of secretions from the vas deferens, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles
External genitalia are the same for males and females up to when?
- 8 weeks of gestation
When does differentiation between male and female external genitalia occur?
- by 12 weeks of gestation
When does the testes descend into the scrotum?
- 3rd trimester
Separation of the prepuce from the glans is usually incomplete at birth. How many years after birth may this remain in uncircumcised males?
- 3 to 4 years of age
What type of hair is at the base of the penis in adolescents at puberty?
- straight
When does the pubic hair in adolescents become curly, course, and dense?
- by the completion of puberty
In what age group does pubic hair become finer and less abundant?
- older adults
What is the preferred position for male patients during GU physical examination?
- standing
What does the examination of the male genitalia involves?
- inspection
- palpation
- transilluminating any masses found
What is being inspected during GU physical examination of a male?
- hair distribution and characteristics
- presence of dorsal vein
- retraction of the foreskin
- smegma over the glans
What is being palpated during GU physical examination of a male?
- shaft of the penis for tenderness and induration
- strip the urethra for any discharge
What is balanoposthitis?
- inflammation of the glans and foreskin
What is balanitis?
- inflammation of the glans penis ONLY
what does beaded or lumpy vas deferens suggest
diabetes
tuberculosis
inflammatory changes
what age does separation of prepuce from glans occur
3 to 4
when is foreskin of noncircumcised males fully retractable
3 to 6
what is the inability to replace the foreskin to its usual position over the glans
paraphimosis
what is priapism
prolonged and often painful penile erection
greater than 4 hours
what congenital defect cause the urethral meatus to be located on the ventral surface of the glans
hypospadias
when does syphilitic chancer lesion occur
2 weeks after exposure
describe syphilitic lesions
painless lesion with indurate borders with a clear base
what is a viral infection that appears as superficial vesicles
herpes
