Physical Education and Fitness 1 Flashcards
It can be defined as any movement of the
body that requires energy expenditure
Physical activity
Improve muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness;
• Improve bone and functional health;
• Reduce the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease,
stroke, diabetes, various types of cancer (including breast
cancer and colon cancer), and depression;
• Reduce the risk of falls as well as hip or vertebral fractures; and
• Help maintain a healthy body weight.
Benefits of Physical Activity
they are
recommended to participate in at least 60 minutes daily
moderate to vigorous-intesity physical activity
Children and Adolescents (ages 5-17 years)
• at least 150 minutes of moderate-intesity physical
activity, weekly
• at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical
activity, weekly.
Adults (aged 18-64 years):
• As part of their weekly physical activity, older adults should do
varied multicomponent physical activity that emphasizes
functional balance and strength training at moderate or
greater intensity, on 3 or more days a week, to enhance
functional capacity and to prevent falls
Adults aged 65 years and above
It is one of the leading risk factors for noncommunicable diseases mortality
Physical Inactivity
physical inactivity
Sedentary Lifestyle
Stamatakis et al. (2019)
concluded that ______ is
associated with
all-cause and
cardiovascular
disease (CVD) mortality
risk among physically
Inactive adults
sitting
Acampado & Valenzuela,
(2017) stated that the
primary reason for physical
inactivity was ____________.
Lack of time
_________ exercise provides cardiovascular conditioning.
Aerobic
. The term aerobic
actually means “____________,” which means that breathing controls the amount of oxygen that can make it to the muscles to help them burn fuel and move.
with oxygen
____________ exercise is any activity that breaks down
glucose for energy without using oxygen.
Anaerobic
_______________ activities are those that require them to lift their own body weight or to work against a resistance
Muscle-strengthening
_________ is the ability to distribute your weight in a way that lets you stand or move without falling, or recover if you trip.
Balance
It is to the human body what fine tuning is to an engine. It enables us to perform up to our potential
Physical fitness
It depicts the physiological systems’ state of health when they are at rest.
Metabolic Fitness
It involves indirect measuring the effectiveness of the heartbeat, adequacy of blood volume and presence of any obstruction to vascular flow.
Blood Pressure
It is the number of throbbing sensations felt over a peripheral
artery when the heart beats.
Pulse
Test measures blood samples for the amount circulating insulin,
responsible for blood glucose usage by surrounding tissue.
Insulin
Adults (aged 18-64 years): at least 150 minutes of __________ physical
activity, weekly.
moderate-intesity
In this study, ______ of Filipino college students were physically inactive.
67.2%
can be expressed as the relative percentage of body mass
that is FAT and fat-free tissue.
Body Composition
It is the muscle’s ability to exert force at high intensities over
short periods of time.
Muscular Strength
It is the ability of muscle group to execute repeated contractions over a period of time sufficient to cause muscle fatigue, or to maintain a specific percentage of the maximal voluntary contraction for a prolonged period of time.
Muscular Endurance
The ability to perform large muscle, dynamic, moderate to high intensity exercise for prolonged periods.
Cardiovascular Endurance
The ability to move a joint through its complete range of motion.
Flexibility
It is also known as performance-related fitness components.
It is associated with athletic competition but should be considered in the overall fitness of all individuals.
Skill Related Fitness
It is the ability to use the senses, such as sight and hearing, together with body parts in performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately.
Coordination
It is the rate at which one is able to exert maximal force.
Power
Defined as “a rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus”.
Agility
Reaction time is related to the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it.
Reaction Time
It relates to the ability to perform a movement within a short period of time.
Speed combined with strength will provide power and force.
Speed
This screening is used to identify people with medical conditions that may put them at a higher risk of experiencing a health problem during physical activity.
Pre-exercise
deals with the structure of the body and its parts.
Anatomy
studies how the human body functions.
Physiology
Study of human movement.
Kinesiology
The human skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons and accounts for about ___________ of
the body weight.
20 percent
How many bones in an adult human skeleton?
206 bones
Forms the central AXIS of the human body. The function of this is to provide support and protection for the brain, spinal cord, and organs in the ventral body cavity.
Axial Skeleton
The Skull consists of how many bones.
22 bones
It support the structures of the face and protect the brain
The Skull
It surrounds and protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and acts as an attachment point for the ribs and muscles of the back and neck.
vertebral column
Also known as the RIBCAGE, is the skeleton of the CHEST.
thoracic cage
It is composed of the bones of the upper limbs (which function to grasp and
manipulate objects) and the lower limbs (which permit locomotion).
Appendicular Skeleton
This providing the points of attachment of the UPPER limbs to the axial skeleton, consists of the clavicle in the anterior, as well as the scapula in the posterior.
pectoral girdle bones
It is a long bone of the upper limb, which extends from the shoulder to the elbow.
humerus
It acts as the stabilising bone, with the radius pivoting to produce movement. TOWARDS the body.
ulna
Pivots around the ulna to produce movement at the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints. APART from the body
radius
A set of eight irregularly shaped bones. These are located in the wrist area.
Carpal bones (Proximal)
There are five of these, each one related to a digit.
Metacarpals
The bones of the fingers.
Phalanges (Distal)
It is a ring-like bony structure, located in the LOWER PART of the trunk. It connects the axial skeleton to the lower limbs.
pelvic girdle
It makes the lower anterior part of the pelvic girdle.
Pubis
The bones of the LOWER LIMB.
Appendicular Skeleton.
This is the thighbone and is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body.
Femur
It provides shape and support for the body, as well as protection for some organs. It
also serves as a storage site for minerals
and provides the medium marrow for the
development and store blood cells.
Bones
It is a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones. It acts as a shock absorber throughout your body.
Cartilage
They are bands of tissue that help connect bones, joints and organs and hold them in place.
Ligaments
It is a cord of strong, flexible tissue, similar to a rope.They connect your muscles to your bones and let us move our limbs. They also help prevent muscle injury by absorbing some of the impact your muscles take when you
run, jump or do other movements. They are all over your body.
Tendons
This is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers.
Muscular System
They are attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels and are responsible for movement.
Muscles
How many muscles in the body?
more than 600
They are attached to bones and is responsible for skeletal movements. It is also comprise 30 to 40% of your total body mass.
Skeletal Muscle
It is found in the walls of the heart, is also under control of the autonomic nervous system.
It also delivers oxygen and other nutrients to working muscles.
Cardiac Muscle.
This muscle is found in the walls of the hollow internal organs.
Smooth Muscles
This cartilage supports parts of your body that need to bend and move to function.
Elastic cartilage.
This cartilage is slippery and smooth which helps your bones move smoothly past each other in your joints.
Hyaline Cartilage
It is atough cartilage made of thick fibers. It’s tough enough to hold parts of your body in place and absorb impacts.
Fibrocartilage
Compare Tendons and Ligaments
A tendon attaches muscle to bone, while Ligaments attaches bone to bone.
Or calf bone, parallels and articulates with the tibia. It is not weight-bearing, but acts as a
site for muscle attachment
while forming the lateral part of the ankle joint.
The fibula
