PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS DERM Flashcards
what is important to understand about the dermatological exam?
obtaining the dermatologic history skin lesions defined diagnostic tools diagnostic manipulations and test case study
actinic keratoses, skin cancer, xerosis, nail dystrophies, infection, pressure keratoses and ulcers affects what age group?
elderly
children are prone too?
eczema
young adults often have?
verrucae, IGTNs
contact dermatitis, mechanical keratoses, tinea and eczemas
middle age
vasospastic disorders, atrophy blanche, statis dermatitis and diabetic dermopathies occur more in which gender?
females
keratoderma blenorrhagicum of Reiter’s, tinea, onychomycosis are found more frequently in which gender?
males
common skin disorder 1-5% normal population chronic venous insufficiency recurrent venous leg ulcer W:M is 4:1 peak age range is 30-60 painful ulcers in acute stage
atrophie blanche
how do we find out if a ulcer is arterial or venous?
the medial side of the leg is almost always venous ulcers
caucasians have less melanin and are more susceptible to?
solar damage and skin cancer including melanoma
African American people haver higher incidence of?
palmar plantar punctuate keratodermas
people with more melanin are more susceptible to?
longitudinal melanonychia and plantar nevi
xerosis and skin cancer is more common in?
Celtic people
classical kaposi’s sarcoma is often seen in?
mediterranean people
what is a dense macule on sole and wrist?
palmar plantar punctuate keratodermas
long strip or nevi, which are a collection of melanocytes in the nail root
longitudinal melanonychia
this type of carcinoma is persistent and raised?
basal cell carcinoma
palmar plantar plaques may suggest?
syphilis
purple plaques or nodules suggest?
kaposi’s sarcoma and suspect AIDs
also skin lines are disturbed
Heel pain and paronychia may be_____?
Reiter’s disease
foot has corn-like thickening on the toes indicating?
severe gouty arthritis
for lesion history, how do we record it?
NLDOCAT
nature location duration onset course aggravating factors treatments
if duration is in days, this acute and so what type of topicals should we use?
lotion, cool soaks, sprays
if duration is in weeks, this is subacute and so what type of topicals should we use?
creams
if duration is in months, this is chronic so what topicals should we use?
ointment
dermatoscope allows us to see through what?
epidermis to dermis
types of cancer we look for?
Basal CC
Squamous CC
Actinic Keratoses
Melanoma
check legs, dorsal/plantar foot and toe web skin
what are examples of primary lesions?
macule and patch nodule and tumor papule and plaque wheal, vesicle, bulla pustule
the primary skin lesions evolve time into secondary lesions, what are these?
scales crusts erosions scars keloids ulcers
cutaneous disease distribution affects what parts of the body?
arms hands groin legs feet
annular arciform polycytic serpiginous iris grouping zosteriform grouping linear grouping
these are examples of?
grouping or config of lesions
examples of diagnosis by grouping?
retiform grouping
irregular grouping
what is the acronym to describe ulcers?
measure
measure exudate appearance suffering undermining re-evaluation edge
T/F, corticosteroid injections within the subcutaneous fat layer can cause atrophy?
T
the ABCs of pigment lesions benign nevus or malignant melanoma?
asymmetry
border
color
diameter
elevation/evolution
what is the dermoscopy 3 point checklist?
asymmetry
atypical network
blue white structures
what is nikolsky sign positive in?
pemphigus autoimmune skin disease
scalded skin syndrome
epidermal necrosis or severe drug reaction
where does auspitz sign of psoriasis occur?
what does pinpoint bleeding suggest?
conditions were the dermal papillae are elongated and fragile
verrucae upon paring of a hyperkeratotic plaque
what does KOH wet mount detect?
name the fungal stain
fungus in skin and subungal debris
chlorozol black E or KOH/DMSO
what does woods light examination detect?
coral red erythrasma
Tzanck test detects?
multinucleated cells of pemphigus and herpes simplex
cardinal signs of Parkinson’s?
resting tremor micrographic hypomima decreased blink rate autonomic dysfunction
pedal skin temp measures what part of foot?
IR scanner used on 1st meta head of plantar aspect
why does ankle have higher systolic pressure?
because of the caliber of the blood vessel increasing the resistance
