PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS DERM

Question 1

what is important to understand about the dermatological exam?

Answer 1

obtaining the dermatologic history
skin lesions defined
diagnostic tools
diagnostic manipulations and test
case study

Question 2

actinic keratoses, skin cancer, xerosis, nail dystrophies, infection, pressure keratoses and ulcers affects what age group?

Answer 2

elderly

Question 3

children are prone too?

Answer 3

eczema

Question 4

young adults often have?

Answer 4

verrucae, IGTNs

Question 5

contact dermatitis, mechanical keratoses, tinea and eczemas

Answer 5

middle age

Question 6

vasospastic disorders, atrophy blanche, statis dermatitis and diabetic dermopathies occur more in which gender?

Answer 6

females

Question 7

keratoderma blenorrhagicum of Reiter’s, tinea, onychomycosis are found more frequently in which gender?

Answer 7

males

Question 8

common skin disorder
1-5% normal population
chronic venous insufficiency
recurrent venous leg ulcer
W:M is 4:1
peak age range is 30-60
painful ulcers in acute stage

Answer 8

atrophie blanche

Question 9

how do we find out if a ulcer is arterial or venous?

Answer 9

the medial side of the leg is almost always venous ulcers

Question 10

caucasians have less melanin and are more susceptible to?

Answer 10

solar damage and skin cancer including melanoma

Question 11

African American people haver higher incidence of?

Answer 11

palmar plantar punctuate keratodermas

Question 12

people with more melanin are more susceptible to?

Answer 12

longitudinal melanonychia and plantar nevi

Question 13

xerosis and skin cancer is more common in?

Answer 13

Celtic people

Question 14

classical kaposi’s sarcoma is often seen in?

Answer 14

mediterranean people

Question 15

what is a dense macule on sole and wrist?

Answer 15

palmar plantar punctuate keratodermas

Question 16

long strip or nevi, which are a collection of melanocytes in the nail root

Answer 16

longitudinal melanonychia

Question 17

this type of carcinoma is persistent and raised?

Answer 17

basal cell carcinoma

Question 18

palmar plantar plaques may suggest?

Answer 18

syphilis

Question 19

purple plaques or nodules suggest?

Answer 19

kaposi’s sarcoma and suspect AIDs

also skin lines are disturbed

Question 20

Heel pain and paronychia may be_____?

Answer 20

Reiter’s disease

Question 21

foot has corn-like thickening on the toes indicating?

Answer 21

severe gouty arthritis

Question 22

for lesion history, how do we record it?

Answer 22

NLDOCAT

nature
location
duration
onset
course
aggravating factors
treatments

Question 23

if duration is in days, this acute and so what type of topicals should we use?

Answer 23

lotion, cool soaks, sprays

Question 24

if duration is in weeks, this is subacute and so what type of topicals should we use?

Answer 24

creams

Question 25

if duration is in months, this is chronic so what topicals should we use?

Answer 25

ointment

Question 26

dermatoscope allows us to see through what?

Answer 26

epidermis to dermis

Question 27

types of cancer we look for?

Answer 27

Basal CC Squamous CC Actinic Keratoses Melanoma check legs, dorsal/plantar foot and toe web skin

Question 28

what are examples of primary lesions?

Answer 28

``` macule and patch nodule and tumor papule and plaque wheal, vesicle, bulla pustule ```

Question 29

the primary skin lesions evolve time into secondary lesions, what are these?

Answer 29

``` scales crusts erosions scars keloids ulcers ```

Question 30

cutaneous disease distribution affects what parts of the body?

Answer 30

``` arms hands groin legs feet ```

Question 31

``` annular arciform polycytic serpiginous iris grouping zosteriform grouping linear grouping ``` these are examples of?

Answer 31

grouping or config of lesions

Question 32

examples of diagnosis by grouping?

Answer 32

retiform grouping irregular grouping

Question 33

what is the acronym to describe ulcers?

Answer 33

measure ``` measure exudate appearance suffering undermining re-evaluation edge ```

Question 34

T/F, corticosteroid injections within the subcutaneous fat layer can cause atrophy?

Answer 34

T

Question 35

the ABCs of pigment lesions benign nevus or malignant melanoma?

Answer 35

asymmetry border color diameter elevation/evolution

Question 36

what is the dermoscopy 3 point checklist?

Answer 36

asymmetry atypical network blue white structures

Question 37

what is nikolsky sign positive in?

Answer 37

pemphigus autoimmune skin disease scalded skin syndrome epidermal necrosis or severe drug reaction

Question 38

where does auspitz sign of psoriasis occur? what does pinpoint bleeding suggest?

Answer 38

conditions were the dermal papillae are elongated and fragile verrucae upon paring of a hyperkeratotic plaque

Question 39

what does KOH wet mount detect? name the fungal stain

Answer 39

fungus in skin and subungal debris chlorozol black E or KOH/DMSO

Question 40

what does woods light examination detect?

Answer 40

coral red erythrasma

Question 41

Tzanck test detects?

Answer 41

multinucleated cells of pemphigus and herpes simplex

Question 42

cardinal signs of Parkinson's?

Answer 42

``` resting tremor micrographic hypomima decreased blink rate autonomic dysfunction ```

Question 43

pedal skin temp measures what part of foot?

Answer 43

IR scanner used on 1st meta head of plantar aspect

Question 44

why does ankle have higher systolic pressure?

Answer 44

because of the caliber of the blood vessel increasing the resistance