NEURO PART III/ IVTERMS Flashcards
arm immobile and held against the body
adduction of the shoulder
leg stiff and extended
circumduction with each step so as to clear ground
associated with UMN lesion (post CVA)
spastic hemiparesis
slaps floor
stair climbing
drop foot
associated with CMT and ALS
neuropathic gait or steppage
knees cross or are in contact
seen in patients with MS
scissors (diplegic) gait
stooped posture
hunched over
flexion of elbows, hips, knees
shuffling steps
body held rigid
parkinsonian gait
staggering, wide-based gait
uncoordinated movements
cerebellar tumor, MS, drunk
cerebellar ataxia (ataxic gait)
weak hip muscles (gluteus medius)
opposite hip drops allowing compensatory lateral movements of pelvis (pelvic rocking)
lumbar lordosis and protruding abdomen
muscular dystrophy or hip dislocation
myopathic (trendelenberg gait)
caused by pain in the lower extremity
nonspecific
variable, depending on affected region
antalgic gait
name this motor dysfunction?
loss of reflex activity and tone
preservation of voluntary
sensory neuron
name this motor dysfunction?
flaccid paralysis atrophy and fasciculations decreased muscle tone decreased or absent muscle strength absent or poor coordination
lower motor neuron
name this motor dysfunction?
spastic paralysis clasp knife phenom hyperactive reflexes mild atrophy from disuse increased muscle tone decreased muscle strength absent or poor coordination
pyramidal tract (corticospinal)
name this motor dysfunction?
no paralysis cog wheel phenomenon resting tremor muscle tone problems normal muscle strength slowed coordination
extrapyramidal tract
name this motor dysfunction?
intention tremor
decreased coordination
dysdiadochokinesia
wide based gait
cerebellar system
loss of pain and temp in one or more dermatomes
syringomyelia
central cord lesion
loss of proprioceptive sensations and vibrations
diagnosed with a tuning fork and differential from peripheral nerve loss
posterior column
effects posterior column
anterior spinal artery occlusion
this half of cord transection is cause of loss of vibratory sensation and proprioception
loss of pain and temperature on the contralateral side
UMN signs such as hyperactive reflexes, barbinski sign and clonus
brown sequard syndrome
disease of the nerve root
lumbosacral most affected
at the L5 or S1
disk protrusion, osteophyte formation, lumbar canal stenosis
lumbosacral radioculopathy
a band of skin innervated by sensory nerve root of a single spinal segment
L4,L5, S1
dermatomes
pain/parathesias radiate down outer side of back of thigh, outer side of calf, and across dorsum of foot
drop foot
herniation for disc between L4 and L5, compressing L5 not L4
L5 radioculopathy
bilateral problem due to compress nerve
spinal stenosis
clasp-knife phenomenon
resistance to passive stretch
cog wheel phenomenon
rigidity of muscles
