Physical Development Flashcards
Gross motor skills at these ages:
New born 1 month 6 month 9-10 month 12-13 month 18 month 2 yearss 2 1/2 years
New born= Primitive reflexes such a gasp
1 month= Can lift head+chest when lying on their front
6 month= Can roll over,can sit up for short time
9-10 month=crawls cruise round furniture
12-13 month= stand alone
18 month= climbs onto furniture
2 years= sit on toys, catch large balls
2 1/2 years = low step, kicks balls
Fine motor skills for the following times:
New born 1 month 6 month 9-10 month 12-13 month 18 month 2 yearss 2 1/2 years
New born= thumbs tucked not the hands 1 month= open hand to grasp a finger 6 month= grasp a rattle 9-10 month= move objects 12-13 month=places toys 18 month= short tower 2 years= draw lines and circles 2 1/2 years = uses spoon and fork, builds larger block towers
Principle of growth
A variable across different parts of the body and is measured using height, weight and dimensions.
Principle of development
Follow an orderly sequence and is the acquisition of skills or abilities.
Definition of:
Gross motor skills
Fine motor skills
Gross motor skills= larger muscles, legs and arms.
Fine motor skills= smaller muscles, hand, fingers and toes.
Through early childhood give examples of some gross motor skills and some fine motor skills
Gross motor skills= tricycle running forward and backwards, walking on a line. Hoping on one foot, hops, skips and jumps confidently.
Fine motor skills= turns pages of a book, buttons and unbuttons, wires own name, join up writing.
What are primary changes
Changes and development of the reproductive organs
What are secondary changes
Development from a child to woman or man. Puberty
Some primary sexual characteristics for a female
The uterus enlarges and vagina lengths
The ovaries begin to release eggs
The men strap cycle commences
Primary sexual characteristics for a male
Enlargement of penis ad testes
Spontaneous erections caused by blood flowing into chambers in the penis.
The testicles begin to produce sperm
Secondary sexual characteristics for female
Breast develop
Hair grows in armpits+ pubic area
Hips widen
Secondary characteristics for male
Voice deepens
Hair growth in armpits and pubic area and facial hair
Redistribution of muscle tissue and fat
What are the female hormones
Oestrogen and progesterone
Male hormones
Testosterone
What are the roles of the hormones
They are responsible for the changes that occur during puberty
Pituitary gland controls the release of the sex hormones in both genders.
The levels of the hormones can therefore change causing mood swigs
Early adulthood summary
Peak of physical development
Hormones for females may change due to pregnancy
Give a description of the per-menopause.
Oestrogen levels decrease, causing the ovaries to stop producing egg each month
Per menopause symptoms
Hot flushes
Night sweats
Mood swings
Vaginal dryness
When does the premenopause occur and when does the menopause occur?
Premenopause ( early adulthood 40’s or 30’s)
Menopause ( middle adulthood 46- 65)
Causes of female menopause?
A reduction in the ex hormones produced by the ovaries, shrinkage of sexual organs and sexual interests.
Effects of female menopause?
Irritability hot flushes Night sweats Mood swings Depression and anxiety Teeth loosen breast drop and flatten Vaginal dryness, itching Back aches Risk of cardiovascular disease Hair becomes thinner Skin becomes drier and develop texture
Later adulthood 65+ effects
Loss of skin elasticity Memory loss Organs degeneration Loss of bone density Poor diet loss of exercise Cells decay Muscle mass decrease Immune system is no longer as capable as i once was in guarding disease Heart and lungs become less efficient
