Physical Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Precipitation

A

All water released from clouds such as rain, snow,hail, sleet & snow.

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2
Q

Evaporation

A

When water is heated by the sun and rises into the sky as water vapour

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3
Q

Surface runoff

A

Water flowing across the surface of the land, whether in a channel or over the land

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4
Q

Transpiration

A

when moisture from plants and leaves is lost to the atmosphere

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5
Q

Interception

A

When trees or man made objects get in the way of rain reaching the ground surface

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6
Q

Condensation

A

When water vapour is cooled and turns into water droplets to form clouds

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7
Q

Infiltration

A

When water soaks into the soil

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8
Q

Water Table

A

The level of saturated ground in the soil - it rises and falls depending on the amount of rain

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9
Q

ThroughFlow

A

When water travels through the soil towards a river or the sea

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10
Q

Groundwater flow

A

The movement of water through the rocks

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11
Q

Percolation

A

The downward movement of water from the soil into rock

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12
Q

Drainage Basin

A

A drainage basin is an area of land drained by a river network

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13
Q

Abrasion

A

Large rocks trapped under the glacier get dragged along by the glacier, grinding away the ground below (sandpaper effect).

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14
Q

Plucking

A

The glacier freezes into cracks in the rock on the sides and below the glacier and as the glacier moves it plucks away large pieces of rock. ( Glacier melts due to friction)

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15
Q

Hydraulic Action

A

Is the sheer force of water against the banks compressing air pockets in cracks, which expand and fracture the rock over time.

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16
Q

Corrasion

A

rivers use the stones and pebbles they carry to smash against the sides and bottom of the river.

17
Q

Traction

A

Rolling stones dragged along the river bed ( needs lots of energy)

18
Q

Saltation

A

Small pebbles bounce along the river bed

19
Q

Continental Polar

A

Dry and cool weather

20
Q

Maritime Polar

A

Wet and cool weather

21
Q

Continental Tropical

A

Dry and warm weather

22
Q

Maritime Tropical

A

Wet and warm weather

23
Q

Solution

A

When salts and other acids slowly dissolve rock along a coastline