Physical and Cognitive Development-Middle Childhood Flashcards
Body Growth in Middle Childhood
- Slow, regular pattern
- Girls shorter and lighter until about age 9
- Lower portion of body growing fastest
- Bones lengthen
- Muscles very flexible
- All permanent teeth arrive
Common Health Problems in Middle Childhood
- Vision (Myopia)
- Hearing (Otitis media, middle ear infection)
- Malnutrition
- Obesity
- Illnesses
- Injuries
Illness in Middle Childhood
- High rates first two years of school
- Chronic conditions (Asthma, Severe Chronic Illnesses)
Gross Motor Skills Improvements (Motor Development in Early Childhood)
- Flexibility
- Balance
- Agility
- Force
Fine Motor Skills Gains ((Motor Development in Early Childhood))
- Writing
- Drawing
Progression of Drawing AbilitY
xxx
Sex Differences in Motor Developmet
-Girls better at fine motor skills
-Boys better at gross motor skills (sports)
-Social Environment (Parental Expectations, Self-Perceptions
Coaching, Media messages)
Piaget’s Theory: Achievements of the Concrete Operational Stage
- Conversation (Decentration, Reversibility)
- Classification
- Seriation (Transitive inference)
- Spatial Reasoning (Directions, Maps)
Key Information Processing Improvements
- Increase in information-processing speed and capacity
- Gains in inhibition
- Both may be related to brain development
Development of Memory Strategies
- Rehearsal
- Organization
- Elaboration
Rehearsal (Development of Memory Strategies)
(Early Grade School)
Repeating information to oneself
Organization (Development of Memory Strategies)
(Early Grade School)
Grouping related items together
Elaboration (Development of Memory Strategies)
(End of Middle Childhood)
Creating a relationship between pieces of information not in same category
Language Development in Middle Childhood
Vocabulary, Grammar, Pragmatics
Vocabulary (Language Development in Middle Childhood)
Increase fourfold during schools years
20 new words a day
