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Oral Pathology > Physical and Chemical Injuries > Flashcards

Physical and Chemical Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

extremely common white line located on the buccal mucosa at the level of the occlusal plane

A

linea alba

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2
Q

are lina albas usually bilateral or on one side?

A

bilateral

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3
Q

ragged superfical keratosis that is associated with cheek chewing

A

morsicatio buccarum

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4
Q

where is moriscatio buccarum located?

A

anterior buccal mucosa; symmetrically distributed above and below the plane of occlusion

*tongue or labial mucosa may show similar alterations

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5
Q

is there ulceration with moriscatio buccarum?

A

no

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6
Q

common lesion of any age group

A

traumatic ulcer

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7
Q

what are the most common sites for traumatic ulcer?

A

buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, tongue

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8
Q

what is the clinical appearance of a traumatic ulcer

A

removable, yellowish-white fibrinopurulent membrane; surounded by variable erythema and hyperkeratotic border

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9
Q

what is the tx for traumatic ulcer

A

eliminate sources out trauma

  • biopsy could be indicated
  • possible excision

*no corticosteroids

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10
Q

coagulation necrosis on the palatal mucosa or anterior tongue

A

thermal injury

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11
Q

what does a severe thermal injury present as?

A

subepithelial vesicle/bulla formation if severe enough

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12
Q

how long does thermal injury last for

A

quick

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13
Q

what are the most common sources of chemical injury

A
  • aspirin
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • phenol
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14
Q

what is the clinical appearance of chemical injury?

A

white surface change due to coagulation necrosis of epithelium

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15
Q

how long does a chemical injury take to heal?

A

heals rapidly

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16
Q

variety of mechanisms by which these drugs interfere with cellular metabolism; rapidly dividing cells (such as oral mucosa) primarily affected

A

chemotherapy-related epithelial necrosis

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17
Q

when doees chemotherapy-related epithelial necrosis start?

A

within the first few days of chemo

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18
Q

when does chemotherapy-related epithelial necrosis resolve?

A

2-3 weeks after cessation of chemo

19
Q

injury that occurs secondary to ionizing radiation used to treat malignancies in head and neck region

A

radiation mucositis

20
Q

where does radiation mucositis affect?

A

involves tissue within the field of radiation

*causes damage to rapidly dividing basal cells of oral mucosa

21
Q

when does radiation mucositis end?

A

2-3 weeks after therapy ends

22
Q

first identifies with BISPHOSPHONATES, now other resporptive agents and other meds associated with osteonecrosis

A

medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ)

23
Q

What do bisphosphonates do?

A

bind to bone and inhibit its degradation (resorption) by inhibiting osteoclast function

*dec bone turnover

24
Q

what three things do you need to dx MRONJ?

A
  • current or previous tx with a bisphosphonate or other associated agent
  • exposed bone in the maxillofacial region, persisting for more than 8 weeks
  • no history of radiation therapy to the jaws
25
Q

what is the tx for BRONJ?

A
  • 89% associated with INTRVENOUS therapy - treating malignancy
  • 11% associated with ORAL therapy - treating osteoporosis

*involves the mandible over the maxilla 2:1

26
Q

what is the prevalence of BRONJ in cancer pts treated with Bisphosphonates

A

5%

*prevalance in osteoporosis pts treated with BPs is 10-100 fold lower

27
Q

what types of measures for treating MRONJ are favored?

A

conservative measures

*minimal debridement, antibiotics, antibacterial agents

28
Q

what is the px for MRONJ?

A

GUARDED

29
Q

bisphosphonates (can)/(should never) be stopped without consulting prescribing physician

A

should never

*risks associated with cancer and osteoporosis virtually always outweigh those of ONJ

30
Q

what is the most common type of foreign body tattoo?

A

amalgam (graphite)

31
Q

what might an amalgam tattoo require?

A

a biopsy to rule out melanocytic lesions

32
Q

melanin production in the oral mucosa may serve as a protective response against harmful substances in tobacco smoke. shows up as light brown, diffuse melanin pigmentation of the oral mucosa.

A

smokers melanosis

33
Q

where is smokers melanosis most commonly seen

A

anterior facial gingiva

34
Q

what does the extent/intensity of pigmentation of smokers melanosis depend on

A

number of cigs smoked per day

35
Q

type of discoloration of the oral mucosa that is associated with multiple meds whose clinical presentation may be diffuse or unique pattern

A

drug-related discoloration of the oral mucosa

36
Q

what does discontinuing meds result in for drug related discolorations of the oral mucosa?

A

gradual fading

37
Q

focal superficial sequestration of a fragment of cortical bone that may be secondary to trauma.

A

oral ulceration with bone sequestration

38
Q

where are oral ulcerations with bone sequestrations usually found?

A

anatomic sites in which a bony prominence is covered by thin mucosal surface

*lingual surface posterior mandible along mylohyoid ridge

39
Q

what is the tx of oral ulceration with bone sequestration?

A

spontaneous loss or surgical removal of the dead bone results in rapid healing

40
Q

dome-shaped, faintly radiopaque lesion arising from the floor of the maxillay sinus

A

antral pseudocyst

41
Q

how common are antral pseudocysts?

A

common (1.5-14% of population)

42
Q

what causes antral pseudocysts?

A

inflammatory exudate accumulates under sinus mucosa and causes elevation

43
Q

what is the tx for antral pseudocysts?

A

harmless process, no treatment necessary beyond periodic radiographic follow-up

Oral Pathology (9 decks)

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